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GROWTH AND YIELD RESPONSES OF BREAD WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.) VARIETIES TO SEEDING RATES AT WOLISO, SOUTH WEST SHEWA, ETHIOPIA
(Wolkite University, 22-12) TESHALE ACHALU IBSA
A field experiment was conducted during the 2021 main cropping season with the objective of determining the best seeding rate of bread wheat varieties for optimum growth and yield in Woliso District, South West Shewa, Ethiopia. Three varieties (Shorima, Ogolcho and Dandea) and five seeding rates (100, 125, 150, 175 and 200 kg ha 1 ) were used in factorially arranged randomized complete block design (RCBD) replicated thrice. The analysis of variance revealed that the main and the interaction effect of variety and seeding rates had highly significant (p<0.01) on effect days to 50% emergence and heading; while the interaction effect of seed rate and variety was significantly (p<0.05) affected harvest index (HI) and grain yield of wheat varieties. Days to 90% physiological maturity, spike length and thousand kernels weight were affected highly significantly (p<0.01) and plant height (p<0.05) by the main effects of variety and seed rate. Number of effective tillers and number of kernels per spike were significantly (p<0.05) affected only by the main effects of variety and the main effects of seed rate, respectively. The above ground dry biomass yield was highly significantly (p<0.01) affected only by the main effect of the variety. The use of 150 kg ha 1 seeding rate for variety Dandea resulted in highest harvest index (37.29%) and grain yield (4103 kg ha 1 ). From the result of this study, the use of 150 kg ha 1 seed rate for variety Dandea and Ogolcho; and 175 kg ha 1 for variety Shorima were identified for good crop stand and final yield. However, extra study has to be done in diverse sites and time of year with a wide variety of seed rates and varieties to develop convinced recommendation of this stud
SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT PRACTICES OF K.O.J.J FOOD PROCESSING COMPLEX PLC
(WOLKITE UNIVERSITY, 2018-06) TEFERA ZERGA
Supply chain management is the means by which firms engaged in creating, distributing, and selling products, can join forces to establish a supply network. The supreme competitive advantage-has emerged as one of the most powerful business improvement tools around is supply chain management. Companies all over the world are pursuing supply chain as the latest methodology to reduce costs, increase customer satisfaction, better utilize assets, and build sustain their revenues. The purpose of this research paper was to assess the practices of supply chain management practices from the five supply chain management practices perspectives (Supplier and customer relationship, internal operations, information sharing, information technology and training) and to see the integrations among supply chain partners. For the accomplishment of this, the study employed descriptive research design in which the selectionsof the respondents using stratified simple random sampling techniques. The total numbers of K.O.J.J food processing complex plc employees are 773 out these, 125 employees and there are 150 enterprise level customers and raw material suppliers among those 32 raw material suppliers and industrial customers would have been considered as a sample unit. Furthermore, one general manager and five functional managers were interviewed. A primary source of data was used for this study. Five point Likert scaled questionnaire and interviews have been used as instruments for data collection. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferentialstatistical tools presented in tables. The major finding indicates that, most supply chain management practices are moderately practiced within the K.O.J.J’’s food processing complex plc supply chain. Whereas information technology and training practices are poorly applied.Sales forecast information sharing with customers is poor. Based on both quantitative and qualitative analysis the case factory relationship with its customers and suppliers would be poor customers’ services. Manufacturing, supply and demand uncertainties which are the major headaches or challenges of the case factory supply chain which prohibits effective implementation of supply chain management. Therefore enhancing organizational objective effective and efficient, it is better for the organization to give due attention to the make supply chain management practices and the integration of supply chain actors effective
DETERMINANTS OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY AND RURAL HOUSEHOLD INCOME IN ETHIOPI A
(wolkite university, 2018-06) BIRHANGI RMA
I improvements in the agricultural productivity and rural household’s income and identifying the factors contribute to its improvement is very critical for enhancing food security and poverty reduction strategy in Ethiopia. The aim of this paper isto investigate the factors contributing to agricultural productivity and rural households’ income differential in Ethiopia. The study used panel data of Ethiopian socio- economic survey collected by Central Statistical Agency of Ethiopian collaboration of World Bank in the three survey periods of 2012, 2014 and 2016production years. The study was used econometric models derived from Cob- Dogla sproduction function namely: Pooled ordinary least square (within- group) , fixed effects (FE) and random effects (RE) models for labor and land productivity and multiple regression models to identify contributing factors for rural household income differential across regions. And the model output indicated that, irrigation use, number of oxen, non- farm income, and education level of household head, cultivated area, age and amounts of fertilizer used were the significant variables that contribute to farm income differential in the study area. Therefore, the policy implication of the study is that, increasing and proper utilization of the aforementioned variable’s should have get due attention to speed up the enhancement of agricultural productivity and rural household income.
The Impact of Perceived Organizational Injustice on Employees Turnover Intentions In Guraghe zone public service sector
(WOLKITE UNIVERSITY, 2018-06) Siyoum Amiga
The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of perceived organizational injustice on employee’s turnover intention in Guraghe zone public service sectors. The population under study was all employees in Guraghe zone public service sectors. Using proportionate stratified random sampling based on the size of statistical community, 281administrative employees were participated in the study. The study had a descriptive and causal research design and the required data were collected by using the validated form of organizational justice questionnaire containing 22 questions and validated form of turnover intention questionnaire, containing 3 questions. The reliability was estimated using Cronbach's alpha coefficient for distributive, procedural and interactional justice respectively were, 0.93, 0.69 and 0.80 and 0.92 for turnover intention. The obtained data were analyzed using frequencies, mean, and linear regressions.Result indicates that the level of employee’s perception of organizational justice is below average, whereas their intention to leave their organization is high. The result of mean of perceived organizational justice and turnover intention showed that employee’s level of turnover intention is high. This high level in turnover intentions indicates that majority of employees have perceived low level of organizational justice, which means the employees are not satisfied with the outcome that they receive, with the procedures by which they acquire outcomes and with interpersonal treatment as well as the quality of information that they receive about the outcomes. The results of linear regression showed that the best predictor of turnover intention was distributive injustice. Based on findings, the researcher recommended the management of Guraghe zone public service sectors to take actions that rise justice perception and decrease turnover intentions.
FACTORS AFFECTING EFFECTIVENESS OF INTERNAL AUDIT FUNCTION: THE CASE OF SELECTED ETHIOPIAN BUDGETARY PUBLIC SECTORS
(WOLKITE UNIVERSITY, 2018-06) SOLOMON OLUMA
This study explores the factors affecting effectiveness of internal audit function in selected Ethiopian budgetary public sectors. The thesis has identified and analyzed the important variables and addressed major research questions raised under each specific objective, andtested hypotheses regarding effectiveness of the internal audit function in those selected public-sector offices. Convenience sampling technique was used to select 18 Ethiopian budget arypublic sectors (ten Federal ministries and eight public universities) out of total 55. A total of 72 respondents were selected through purposive sampling for finance, audit director, auditors and accountants to fill the self-administered questionnaire. Four respondents per office were picked from 18 offices. Using Likeret-Scale type that shows respondents’ agreement or disagreement by constructing into five point scale, 69 respondents that correctly completed and returned thequestionnaire formed the actual sample size for the study. Multi regression model was used indata analysis and test of hypothesis. The study found out that competence of IA, and independence of IA were statistically positive and significant at (p<0.01) whereas, quality ofIA wa statistically positive and significant at (p<0.05) among the explained variablesindicating strong association between these independent variables and the dependent variable i.eIA effectiveness. Based on the key findings, the study recommends that the internal auditorshould have maximum independence from the organization they work for, need to collectively possess or develop their knowledge or skills through appropriate professional training. Also, a similar study with a wider scope should be carried along with a study to identify the drivers of effectiveness of internal audit in public sector institutions in the future.
LAND USE PATTERN, CLIMATE CHANGE AND ITS IMPILICATION ON FOOD SECURITY IN GURAGHE ZONE
(Wolkite University, 2019-01) SHAFI HUSSEN
It is widely recognized that climate variability and frequent droughts resulting from El-Nin phenomenon are among the major risk factors affecting agricultural production that might contribute to hunger and food insecurity in East Africa in general and Ethiopia in particular The objectives of the present study were to examine the implication of land use pattern climate change and its implication on food security in Guraghe Zone, SNNPRS, Ethiopia. This study is based on Zonale level data of the study area based on major seasonal crops Maize, Wheat, Barely, Sorghum, Teff and Potato which comprise of food crops for the timespan of 2000 to 2010 (CSA). Using secondary data both descriptive statistics (mean, standard devotion, and t-test) and liner regression model were used to analyze the data. Crop productivity in quintals per hactar is chosen to be the Dependent variable whereas cropping area, yield, average annual maximum and minimum temperatures, rural house holders, totalforest area, average annual rainfall are the Explanatory variables. Rainfall positively contributed to the production of maize crop and was significant. Maximum humidity contributed positively, it showed a significant influence on maize yield. The results of study also indicate a positive influence of rainfall on overall productivity. A 1% increase in therainfall leads to a 0.889% increase in the yield of crops. However, the adjusted R2 value showed 47% variability in the production of maize crop. According to this study, theobserved mean yield of the six crops in ascending order is as follows: sorghum, barley ,maize,teff, wheat, and potato. In the case of average production, maize ranked first, potato ranked second, barely ranked third and wheat, teff and sorghum fourth , fifth and six place, respectively. The linear regression that adoption of soil conservation, small-scale irrigation and employing different agronomic practices are important factors influencing household crop productivity. Moreover, land holding and forest are positively and significantly affected house hold‘ scropp productivity. The results further showed that population pressure was important factors affecting crop productivity in the inverse direction. This study further highlighted the significance of cropping area in attaining crop productivity under changing climate. The findings call for action based on growing improved crop seed to increase food crop productivity
Private Commercial Banks and Economic Growth in Ethiopia: Panel Data Analysis
(WOLKITE UNIVERSITY, 2019-01) Dereje Diriba
The purpose this study is to investigate the role of private commercial banks on economic growth in Ethiopia, and their direction of causality for a period of 10 years from 2008-2017. The data was sourced from the National Bank of Ethiopia, Ministry of Finance and Economic Cooperation-MoFEC, Central Statistics Agency (CSA). To undertake this study, eight private commercial banks were purposively selected out of sixteen which currently operating in Ethiopian banking industry. In analyzing the relationship between private commercial banks and economic growth the study applied Unit root tests, Kao Residual co-integration test, and Granger causality test. Moreover, the study used both descriptive statistics and econometric analyses. The Random effect model was used for econometrics analysis. The study found that a positive and significant relationship among profits, loan and advance and labor force with economic growth whereas there is negative and a significant relationship between branch network and economic growth. Furthermore, the study found unidirectional causal relationship moving from loan and advance, and profit to economic growth while there is no causality between asset, deposit and RGDP. There is a bidirectional between branch network and economic growth. Finally, the policy makers and stakeholders should make policies to enhance the banking sector in Ethiopia because profits, loan and advances are significantly contributing in the economic growth of Ethiopia.
ASSESSING THE PRACTICE OF RISK MANAGEMENT IN CASE OF COMMERCIAL BANK OF ETHIOPIA WOLKITE BRANCH
(Wolkite University, 2019-06) AEMIRO BAWOKE
The senior essay on the risk management practice was conducted on commercial bank ofEthiopia at Worksite branch. The researcher stated the statement of the problem both general and specific objectives and significance of the study. The researcher used descriptive data analysis method. To conduct the research, the researcher employed use primary data was collected through questioner on risk management practice. The data collected was analyzed using percentage and presented in tabular form base on identifiable problems. By increasing the independent variables researcher try to reduce error and the result were likely to be more accurate and precise. The financial performance would be measured by use of return on asset. The study also focused on financial risk as independent variable and more result the relationship between risk management and financial performance in commercial bank of Ethiopia. The researcher recommended that it was a high time forth bank to adopt a contemporary, proactive and decentralization risk manage metasystem if it tends to survive the thunders of local composition, the flood of globalization and the tremble of our dynamic market and economic condition
A Senior Essay Research Submitted to Department of Accounting and Finance for the partial fulfillment of the requirement of Bachelor of Art Degree in Accounting and Finance
(2019-06) NUREDIN MENGIS
Liquidity creation is the main concerns of microfinance since it is crucial for its existence; hence the main purpose of the study was to trend and assess the liquidity practice of Microfinance institution. To deal with the problem, three fundamental research questions were formulated that stress on assess the effect financial performance on liquidity of microfinance institution the existence what the effect of non-earning liquid asset on liquidity of MFIs and how the level of deposit will affect liquidity in microfinance The data cover the period from (2007-2014) for 8years and used secondary data. To conduct the study, descriptive method was employed. The study involved secondary data collection of the return on assets, deposit to loan and nonliquid asset to measure trend of Microfinance during a specific year. The study found out that there is a negative relationship between liquidity with ROA & non liquid asset of microfinance. But positive relation with depositor. The study recommends that Incentives in the form of rewards for depositor should be strengthened depositor and need good management and also MFI must increase liquid asset than non-liquid asset
THE IMPACT OF NON PERFORMING LOANS ON PROFITABILITY OF ETHIOPIAN PRIVATE COMMERCIAN BANKS
(Wolkite University, 2019-06) DESTA TAMENE
This study focuses on the impact of NPL on profitability of Ethiopian private commercial banks. Bank loans have a vital contribution towards development of economy by financing different sectors. However, nonperforming loans are leads to incidence of huge loss on banks profit in particular and country economy in general. Hence, this study was conducted to examine both internal factors (nonperforming loan rate and loan to deposit rate) and external factors(Ethiopian inflation and GDP rate) impact of NPL on bank profitability. To this end, the researcher has selected 7 private banks of Ethiopia. This study used secondary sources of data, which is cover the period 2007- 2016.These data were collected from NBE directives and CSA.Furthermore, a descriptive statics and linear regression model was used to examine the impact of NPLs by using EVIEWS 7. This research is explanatory research design that identifies the cause and effect relationships between the study variables and ROA. According to the findings, the result of bank variables, non-performing loan (NPL), and Loan To Deposit (LTD) were found to have a major impact on ROA of EPCBs, with respect the other variables, inflation rate andGDP were found to be statistically insignificant impact on ROA in EPCBs. In particular, inflation rate had a positive association with the levels of profitability. The findings also suggested a significant the negative relationship among GDP and ROA of EPCBs which indicates whenever there was an increase in GDP rate, the bank need additional income loan to cover the cost paid to deposit, due to this the ROA is goes up. In addition, the effective exchange rate had also a negative association with NPLs of Ethiopian private commercial banks. The finding of this study is significant since once identifying the impact of NPLs might enable management body to make appropriate lending policies that prevent the occurrence of NPLs Furthermore, the study recommended the bank should emphasize the management of loans to reduce the level of nonperforming loans. Besides, it is better for the loan officers to provide financial counseling to the borrowers on the wise use of loan
ASSESSMENT ON OPERATIONAL RISK MANAGEMENT IN COMMERTIAL BANK OF ETHIOPIA (IN CASE OF WOLKITE BRANCH)
(Wolkite University, 2019-06) BIRHANU ALAMINEH
The research was conducted to assess operational risk management in commercial bank of Ethiopia at wolkite branch. The main objective of this study is to assess the operational risk management and controlling techniques in the bank. The researcher used both primary and secondary data sources. The primary data was collected from the employees of the organization through questionnaires. The secondary data was also gathered from books, materials, documents, and libraries. Researcher has used census survey sampling techniques in order to gather the essential data accordingly 36 employees of the organization where included. The collected data were analyzed by descriptive analysis tool were use such as percentage, frequency, tabulations. The major findings of the research show that personal property and motor vehicle risk were happened mainly due to carelessness of the employees in the organization. Finally researcher recommended that the company give special attention on this issue to minimize the risk
SERVICE QUALITYON AND CUSTOMER LOYALTY IN COMMERCIAL BANK OF ETHIOPIA WEST ADDIS ABABA DISTRICT
(WOLKITE UNIVERSITY, 2019-06) TIGISTU GIZAW TEKLE
Service quality has attracted major attention from academic researches as well as marketers over the recent years due to its significant role in business performance and maintenance of customer loyalty. Delivering highest service quality and maintaining customer loyalty are the focus area of every business organization. In order to be competitive and profitable in the banking industry, the bank should offer premium quality services to its customers in order to maintain loyalty; also they should obtain a mechanism to attach importance to customer loyalty. The objective of this study is to examine the relationship between service quality and customer loyalty and sought to analyze customers’ views, thoughts and feeling on the quality of service offered by Commercial Bank of Ethiopia in WAAD. The study identified the possible expectations that customers have on the quality of service. In this study both descriptive and explanatory research method have been used to show the relationships among variables. Primary data is collected by survey questionnaire from 258 sampled bank customers as source. Multi-stage and purposive sampling technique is used to test and retest the parameters. The researcher engaged the statistical inferential analysis in correlation test. Finally, based on descriptive statistics, correlation analysis was used to analyze the data, hence; the results show that service quality and all its dimensionshave significant and positive association with customer loyalty. Finally, the conclusion from this study is that delivering premium and highest service quality can lead to higher rates of retention of high number of customers. Recommendations based on the findings were made to this bank which if implemented will enhance the satisfaction of the bank customers as well as improve customer retention rates and it will attract new loyal customers.
HE PRACTICE AND CHALLENGES OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP COURSE PROVISION IN SELECTED TECHNICAL AND VOCATIONAL EDUCATION AND TRAINING (TVET) COLLEGES IN GURAHGE ZONE
(2019-07) Amare Melkam
The purpose of this study was to examine the practice and challenges of entrepreneurship course provision in TVET colleges in Guraghe Zone as perceived by trainers and trainees of four sampled TVET colleges. To that end, the views and perceptions of trainers and trainees were sought. The study employed a concurrent embedded mixed research method. Both quantitative and qualitative data were gathered. Quantitative data were gathered from two sets of survey questionnaires (N=357) administered to trainers and trainees of the sampled colleges. Qualitative data were generated largely from five college Deans. While the quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical methods, the qualitative data was analyzed using thematic analysis. Attempts were made to examine the convergence and divergence of findings obtained from the quantitative and the qualitative data. The findings overlap in almost all areas of concern of the present study. The findings obtained from quantitative and qualitative data portrayed an encouraging but inadequate and ineffective state of implementation of entrepreneurship education in the colleges. Findings from survey data indicated the training of entrepreneurship had shown positive impact on trainees (M=3.41) in motivating them to think of self-employment as a career option. The intention to engage in self-employment/entrepreneurship among trainees was found significant. However, the findings show that the trainers were not trained in entrepreneurship, trainees lack interest to attend the trainings, the time allocated for the program was inadequate, the method of teaching the program was lecture dominated, there was lack of facilities, and mostly the training programs offered were found to be theoretical. Therefore it was inferred that the training program was inadequate and ineffective to create capable and confident entrepreneurs. Finally, the study recommended the importance of enhancing the awareness of the trainees about the importance of the program, additional trainings for the trainers, equipping the colleges with relevant facilities, allocation of adequate time frame for delivery of the program and the need to diversify practical methods of teaching the program. Moreover, it was recommended that training should be given to entrepreneurship instructors for the effective delivery of the training in TVETprograms.
Tax and Government Revenue: in Ethiopia
(WOLKITE UNIVERSITY, 2019-10) Abdulbasit Yassin
This study investigated both theoretically and empirically economic impacts of tax and tax reform on government revenue growth in Ethiopia using time series data from the time of its inception 1974 to 2016. Both descriptive statistics and econometric tools of error correction model (ECM) to analyzing the long run and short run relationships on components of tax, tax reform and government revenue growth. The results show that tax revenue and tax reform variables of goods and service tax (GST), international trade tax (ITT) have positive and significant impacts on government revenue growth in the long run and short run analysis, whereas profit and income tax (IPT) and non-tax revenue (NTR) have positive impacts and insignificant on government revenue growth
Factors Affecting The Implementation Of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) And Its Benefits In The Case Of Insurance Companies In Ethiopia.
(WOLKITE UNIVERSITY, 2019-10) Tewodros Kass
The goals of IFRS is to develop in the public interest a single set of high quality understandable, enforceable and globally accepted financial reporting standards based upon clearly articulated principles. However, its implementation brings opportunities and creates challenges to the insurance companies. The main objective of this study is to assess the benefits and factors which a affect the implementation of IFRS in insurance companies of Ethiopia. The study used both primary and secondary source of data. The primary data was collected through predesigned questioners and the secondary data was collected from the insurance companies profiles , journals and other related material to the study, annual financial reports, proclamation and regulation that deal with financial reporting issues by the insurance companies that deal with financial reporting issues in Ethiopia. To answer the research questions and test the hypotheses the study adopted the quantitative research approach with descriptive and explanatory research design. The questionnaire data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and multiple linear regressions analysis. The population of the study consisted of all insurance companies of Ethiopia. In this research select a sample of 10 insurance companies were selected using purposive sampling to investigate benefits and factors that affect the implementation, and processed using both descriptive and inferential statistics like frequencies, percentages, means and regression analysis. The result show that IFRS implementation in insurance companies of Ethiopia result in a number of important benefits to a wide range of user of financial statements. The study also found that with the exception of IFRS knowledge gap the other four variables which are shortage of qualified professionals, resistance to change, management gap, and cost significantly influence the implementation of IFRS in insurance companies of Ethiopia. Based on the finding the research attempted to recommend the following: The government and other concerned body should work on resolving knowledge gap as the factors affecting the implementation of IFRS through training and development; work on resolving management gap to implementation of IFRS in Ethiopian insurance company. Through capacity building, training and development; work on to manage or handle change resistance to implementation IFRS in insurance company of Ethiopia through awareness creation and development; work .on the establishment of institute which supports the implementation of IFRS in insurance Ethiopia.
ASSESSING THE CHALLENGES AND SMALL ENTERPRISES MURAD JEMAL KEMAL WOLKITE WOLKITE, ETHIOPIA i OF YOUTH ENTREPRENEURS IN : IN THE CASE OF GURAGE ZONE
(Wolkite University, 2020-06) MURAD JEMAL KEMAL
the main objective of this study was to assess the challenges of youth entrepreneur in Gurage zone. For the sake of achieving the objective of this study questionnaires were analyzed using statistical analyses such as descriptive analyses. Moreover, the study utilized cross-sectional in the sense thatall relevant data was collected at a single point in time. The respondent youth entrepreneurs were selected using stratified sampling technique from a target population of 384 youth entrepreneur inMSE. The information gleaned through questionnaires from a sample of 184 youth entrepreneurs and face- to- face interviews were conducted with 9 key informants in MSE offices. Beside this the interview questions were analyzed using descriptive narrations. The empirical study elicited the main challenges of youth entrepreneurs in Gurage zone, which include: economic challenge(infrastructure, lack of premises, lack of market, lack of networking, lack of finance lack of managerial skill); lack of training, legal/administrative challenge and socio-cultural challenges. Training challenge take the leading position of severity followed by legal/ administrative challenges, economic challenges and socio cultural challenges respectively. Based on the findings of the study youth entrepreneurs should make lobbies together to the concerned government officials by forming entrepreneurs associations. Besides this, youth entrepreneurs in MSEs should search for other alternative supporting agents rather than relaying only on MSE offices in improving their performance and solving problems. Furthermore, MSE offices should also facilitate training with stakeholders and discuss with municipalities and other administrative bodies to make youth entrepreneur’s owners of working premise (land), facilitates finance and solve other challenges of youth
ASSESSMENT OF PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM AND EMPLOYEES’ SATISFACTION
(WOLKITE UNIVERSITY, 2020-10) Kasahun TAMIRAT
A study entitled Assessment of performance management system and employees’ satisfaction Ethiopia was conducted with the aim of identifying determinants affecting the employees satisfaction in some selected west Addis Abeba . A three stage random sampling technique was used to select representative employees; and a total of 349 employees were surveyed to collect primary data from sample respondent using a semi-structured questionnaire. Secondary data were also collected through reviewing of different documents from commercial bank of Ethiopia. Both descriptive and econometric methods of data analysis (binomial logit model) were used. The result of econometric analysis revealed that age, sex, access to training, and good working envaroment were found to significantly affect the employee satisfaction in the organization. The finding, therefore, focused to build the capacity and knowledge of employees with training, good working envaroment that satisfaying of employees towards it is works in the commercial bank of ethiopia.
VITAMIN A SUPPLIMENTATION COVERAGE AND ITS ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG CHILDREN AGED 6-59 MONTHS IN WEST AZERNET BERBER WOREDA, SOUTH WEST ETHIOPIA.
(wolkite university, 2021-06) BIHON BERIHUN
Vitamin A deficiency is one of major public health significance; it is a risk factor for childhood mortality from diarrhea and measles in low and middle income countries and an important cause of preventable child hood blindness in low income countries. Vitamin A supplementation will be supplemented in many low and middle income countries and high coverage reduces the prevalence of blinding corneal diseases in children. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess vitamin A supplementation coverage and its associated factors among children aged 6-59months in West Azernet Berber woreda, southern Ethiopia, 2021Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted in April to May 2021.A total sample size of 471 study participants was involved in the study area. A simple random sampling technique was used to recruit study subject. A pretest structured interviewer administered questionnaire was used. Binary logistic regression was used to identify associated factors vitamin A supplementation. After adjustment of independent factors the model was fitted. Result: In this study a total of 471 respondents were successfully interviewed with response rateof 97.3%. The coverage of vitamin A supplementation was 58.0% [95% CI (53.7, 62.0)]. Family monthly income [AOR=2.44%,95% CI(1.44,4.135)], having PNC visit [AOR=2.052, 95%CI(1.227,3.430)] advice from peers or family [AOR=1.158,95%CI (0.288,3.646)], husbands disapproval about vitamin Supplementation [AOR=0.303, 95%CI(0.116,0.795)], information about vitamin A supplementation [AOR=2.060, 95 CI (1.075,3.947)and maternal knowledge[AOR=0.589,95% CI (0.376,0.923)] were factors significantly associated to vitamin Supplementation. Conclusion: The VAS coverage at the study area was lower than national excepted target 80%.However, VAS can be enhanced through awareness creation and improving socio-economic status of the community. Therefore intervention should be given at each factor to employ vitamin Supplementation.
FACTORSCHALLENGINGCHANGEMANAGEMENTPRACTICE:INTHE CASEOFGURAGEZONEPUBLICSECTORS
(WOLKITE UNIVERSITY, 2021-06) :ABDUREZAKSURURIBRAHI
Theimplementationphaseofchangemanagementpointedasthemostchallenging factor. Thus ,this study intended toidentify factors thatchall engetoimplement changemanagementinpublicsector.Toaddressthestudyobjectives,publicsectorselectpurposiveorjudgmentalsamplingmethodandthesamplesizeof206respondentswereselectedtopropoion alstrati fiedsamplingmethodwasusedto collectdata.Thedataforthi sstudywereobtainedfromprimarysourcequalitative datacollectionmethodswereemployed.Theinstrumentusedtogatherqualitative datawasLikerscalecloseendedquestionnaire.Datapresentation,anal ysisandinterpretationaremadewiththeaidofregressionanddescriptivestati stics.Major findi ngsofthestudyinclude:themajorchangemanagementpracticechallengingfactorwereemployeeandmanagerattitude,publicsectorstructure,publ icsector cultureandpublicsectorinternalandexternalcommunication.Challengeslie managingthehumandimensionsofchange,weakerandinconsistentsupport providedbytopmanagement,lackofcommitment,nostrongbaselineassessment. Basedonthefindingofthestudythepaperconcludesthatchangemanagementin guragezonepublicsectorhaschangeemployeeandmanagerattitude,public sectorstructure,publ icsectorculture,publ icsectorcommunicationtoproducea signifi cant impact on public sector change management implementation improvementandwasgainingthecompetitiveadvantagesexpectedfrom the radicalchange.Itrecommendsthatchangeagentsresponsibleofleadingthe changemanagementpractices,implementationofchangemanagementandthe publicsectormissi on,strategyandkeylongtermobjecti vesisstronglyrel atebythe personalgoalsandvaluesofitsmanagement.Theorganization,shouldsetupits ownemployeeandmanager accountabilityandresponsibility,traini ngprogram, experienceshari ngschedule,dail yand weeklyindividualacti rewardingsystemenhancedthatbestfittothei itsgoalseffecti velyandeffici ently.
UNDERNUTRITION AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG MOTHERS ENROLLED IN PRODUCTIVE SAFTY NET PROGRAM IN SILTI WOREDA IN RURAL COMMUNITY‟S SOUTHERN ETHIOPIA: COMPARATIVE CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY.
(wolkite university, 2021-07) HUSSEN SHIFA
Background: maternal under nutrition is an issue of prime importance for every countryworldwide including Ethiopia. As a result, this study is proposed to generate requiredcomparative information among enrolled and non-enrolled mothers in the program in Siltiworeda, Southern EthiopiaObjective: To determine under nutrition status and associated factors among mothers enrolledto productive safety net program in Silti woreda in rural community, southern Ethiopia 2021.Method: Community-based comparative cross-sectional study design was employed fromApril 10, 2021 to June 10, 2021 among 642 mothers selected sample in Silti woreda..Result: The overall prevalence of under nutrition among mothers was 25.8% (95%CI: 22.3-29.0) the prevalence was higher among mothers for those enrolled in PSNP (28.8% (95%CI:23.7-33.9) than for those non- enrolled in PSNP (22.9% (95%CI: 18.4-27.6). Mothers education (AOR =2.375, 95%CI: 1.267-4.451), nutrition information (AOR =1.896, 95%CI:1.040-3.457) ,dietary diversity(AOR =2.464 frequency of meal per day (AOR = 2.233, 95%CI: 1.204-4.140)and hand washing (AOR =1.999, 95%CI: 1.139-3.510) were found to be significant predictors of under nutrition among mothers non enrolled in PSNP while ,mothers education (AOR =1.973, 95%CI: 1.182-3.293), frequency of meal per day (AOR = 2.188, 95%CI: 1.239-3.863) , nutrition information (AOR =2.821, 95%CI: 1.469-5.419) and time take tofetch water(AOR =1.974, 95%CI: 1.091-3.573) were found to be a significant predictors ofundernutrition among mothers enrolled in PSNP Conclusion and recommendations: Lack of formal education ,low exposure of nutritional information and lack adequate frequency of meal were found to be a significant predictors of undernutrition among mothers both enrolled and non-enrolled in PSNP. Therefore, need attention through creating awareness about nutritional information, and other sector collaboration with in the study area.