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STUDY ON THE COMBINED EFFECT OF NPSB FERTILIZER RATES AND VARIETIES ON GROWTH, YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS OF GARLIC (Allium sativum L.) IN GUMMER DISTRICT OF GURAGE ZONE, ETHIOPIA
(wolkite university, 2022-02-01) JADU KIBRET AGERCHU
Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is one of the major horticultural crops known worldwide with respect to its production and economic value. It is also the main bulb crop produced in Ethiopia, including the southern region. However, farmers are producing garlic from locally available varieties without or with low rates of fertilizer input which results in low yield. Therefore, this experiment was conducted to evaluate the response of garlic varieties to different rates of NPSB. Three improved garlic varieties (Kuriftu, HL and Tseday) and one local cultivar (‘Tuma”) and four levels of NPSB fertilizer rates (0, 144, 244, 344 kg NPSB ha ˡ ) were used. The experiment was arranged in a 4 X 4 factorial experiment under a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Plant height (cm) and leaf number were significantly influenced by the interaction effect of varieties and NPSB fertilizer except leaf length (cm) that was significantly influenced only by the main effect of variety and NPSB. All yield and yield related traits were significantly influenced by the interaction effect of varieties and NPSB fertilizer rates except days to 50% emergence and bulb weight (g) that were significantly influenced only by the main effect of variety and NPSB. The highest total bulb yield was obtained from variety Kuriftu (8.81 t ha ˡ ) at the NPSB rate of 244 kg ha ˡ , and the lowest recorded from the local cultivar (5.52 t ha ˡ ) without NPSB (0 kg) fertilizer application. The maximum plant height (74.17cm) was recorded from variety HL at 244 kg/ha NPSB and the highest number of garlic leaves (10.33) were obtained from variety Kuriftu that received the highest NPSB rate of 344 kg/ha. The longest leaf was recorded from variety Tsedey (34.875cm) which was followed by variety Kuriftu (34.154cm) and HL (32.596cm). The highest statistically significant bulb weight was recorded equally from variety Kuriftu, Tsedey and HL 43.42g, 42.77g and 41.92g respectively. Marketable bulb yield was very highly significant (P<0.001) and positively correlated with leaf number (r =0.68***), bulb weight (r =0.64***), bulb diameter (r =0.72***), and highly significant (P<0.01) and positively correlated with plant height (r =0.41**) and leaf length (r =0.46**). The cost benefit analysis indicated that variety Kuriftu with the application rate of 244 kg NPSB ha ˡ gave the maximum MRR (1974.3%).
EFFECT OF INTER ROW SPACING AND VARIETIES ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF FENUGREEK (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) AT WOLISO DISTRICT, SOUTH WEST SHOA ZONE, ETHIOPIA
(wolkite university, 2024-05-02) LETA ABEBE BEDADA
Fenugreek (Trigonella-foenum-graecum L.) is a legume crop which is used as a spice, vegetable, animal feed and medicinal plant. Inter row spacing is one of the yield limiting factors on fenugreek production. A field experiment was conducted at Woliso Polytechnic College during the 2023/2024 cropping season. To evaluate and determine the combined effect of inter-row spacing (10cm, 20cm, 30cm and 40cm) and varieties (Burqa, Chala, Ebbisa, Wereilu and one local variety for check) on yield and yield components fenugreek. The experiment was laid out under Randomized Complete Block Design with Factorial arrangement and three replications. Based on the data analysis, the higher yield and yield components were recorded from planting of fenugreek with the wider inter-row spacing of 40cm. The shortest days for 50% flowering (44.6 days), the shortest days for 90% maturity(117.9), the highest number of primary branches (6.73), the highest number of pods per plant-1 (29.33), the highest number of seeds per pod-1 (21.6), the highest pod length (19.3), the highest 1000g seed weight (20.6), the highest above ground biomass (3568.33Kg ha-1 ), the highest harvesting index (40.2% and the highest seed yield (1586) were recorded from the 40cm inter-row spacing followed by 30cm. On the other hand, the lowest yield (324.66 kg ha-1 ) and yield attributes were recorded when the crop was grown under the smallest inter-row spacing of 10cm. The higher number of primary branches, number of seeds pod-1 (21), pod length (19.3), 1000g seed weight (20g) and seed yield (1586 kg ha-1 ) were recorded from Burka inter acted with 40cm followed by Chala, Wereilu, and Ebbisa verities whereas the lower grain yield and yield component was recorded from with the interaction of 10cm. From the current research-based yield and yield component planting of Burka variety with 40 cm inter row spacing is performing well and recommended to the local farmer to increase the yield of fenugreek crop.
EFFECT OF BLENDED NPSB FERTILIZERANDVERMICOMPOST ON GROWTH, YIELD ANDYIELDCOMPONENTS OF GARLIC (Allium sativum L.) UNDERRAINFEDCONDITION IN ENORE DISTRICT, CENTRALETHIOPIA
(wolkite university, 2024-03-01) HLINA TILAHUN TEGODA
Garlic is economically important, though the productivity is below its potential duetoinappropriate use of soil fertility management practices particularly fertilizer rateandtype had significant role. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the ef ect of Blended NPSB and vermicompost fertilizers on the growth, yield and yield componentsof garlic under rain-fed conditions in Enore district, Central Ethiopia. The experiment consisted of four rates of blended NPSB fertilizer (0, 122, 244, and 366 kg ha -1) andfourrates of vermicompost fertilizer (0, 2.5, 5, and 7.5 t ha -1). The treatments were laidout ina Randomized Complete Block Design in a 4×4 factorial arrangement withthreereplications. Data were collected on the phenological, growth, and yield parametersof garlic and analyzed using SAS software version 9.4. ANOVA results showed that all thetested parameters of garlic were af ected highly significantly (p < 0.01) by the interactionef ect, except days to maturity and the number of leaves per plant which was highlysignificantly (p < 0.01) af ected by the main ef ects of blended NPSB and vermicompost fertilizers. Thus, the longest days to maturity of 126.7 and 127.6 were recorded at therateof 244 kg ha -1 NPSB and 7.5 t ha -1 vermicompost fertilizer, respectively. Statisticallythelongest plant height (62.6) and leaf length (55.6 cm) of garlic were recorded fromthecombined applications of 366 kg ha -1 and 7.5 t ha -1 . The highest leaf number of garlic12.98 was recorded from 7.5 t ha -1 VC rate, which is statistically similar with 11.2and10.7 were recorded from 366 and 244 kg ha -1NPSB fertilizer rate, respectively. Similarly, the highest average fresh biomass yield (65.2 g/plant), mean bulb weight (36.8g), number of clove (30.5), biological dry yield (47.5 g/plant) and harvest index (60.7%)were recorded from the combined application of 244 kg ha -1 NPSB and 7.5 tha-1VCfertilizer. The highest marketable bulb yield 13 t ha -1 , total bulb yield 13.3 t ha -1 , andthelowest unmarketable yield 0.32 t ha -1 were recorded from the combined applicationof 244 kg ha -1 and 7.5 t ha -1 . The highest net benefit (3,392,556 ETB ha -1) was recordedfrom the combined application of 244 kg ha -1 blended NPSB and 7.5 t ha -1VCfertilizerwith high MRR (1982.86). The study revealed that the integrated use of 7.5 t ha -1VCand244 kg ha -1 blended NPSB fertilizers improved soil fertility status for sustainable garlicproduction and productivity in the study area. However, more studies needtobeconducted at various agro-climatic conditions to generate more reliable results forconclusive recommendations
DESIGN SOCIAL EVENT EXTRACTION MODEL FROM AMHARIC TEXTS USING DEEP LEARNING APPROACHES
(Wolkite University, 2025-05-01) MIMI ADIMASU GODINE
Social events play a crucial role in capturing societal trends, public opinions, and cultural
activities. Extracting and analyzing social events from Amharic text can provide valuable insights
into various domains. The extraction of social events from Amharic text poses significant
challenges due to the complexity of the language and the unstructured nature of user-generated
content. This study aims to develop an effective social event extraction model for Amharic text
using deep learning approaches. This study used Yem zone social event datasets, total dataset size
is 4,738 event records. By evaluating various feature extraction techniques, including Fast Text,
Bi-grams, and Tri-grams, we identify the most suitable methods for enhancing event extraction
accuracy. We implement several deep learning models, including LSTM, Bi-LSTM, GRU, Bi-GRU,
and Simple-RNN, and assess their performance in extracting event trigger words. The results
indicate that the GRU and Bi-GRU models consistently outperform their LSTM and Bi-LSTM
counterparts, particularly when utilizing Tri-gram features. Notably, the Bi-GRU model achieves
the highest accuracy of 1.00, underscoring the benefits of a bidirectional approach in capturing
contextual information. This research contributes to the advancement of Amharic language
processing, offering insights that can support various applications such as cultural studies,
disaster management, and crisis response. Additionally, we introduce a social event extraction
corpus for the Amharic language, paving the way for future research in this area.
THE EFFECT OF WORKING CAPITAL MANAGEMENT ON FIRM‟S PROFITABLITY: EVIDENCE FROM SELECTED MANUFACTURING COMPANIES IN ADDIS ABABA ETHIOPIA.
(2021-01-07) ABDULAZIZ BEREDA
The main purpose of this study was to determine empirically the impact of working capital management on profitability. To indicate relationship between these two, the author collected secondary data from 19 manufacturing companies in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia for the period of 2015 to 2019. Inventory holding period, Accounts receivable period and accounts payable period are used as independent working capital policy variables. However, cash conversion cycle (CCC) and current assets to total assets ratio are used as comprehensive measures of working capital investment policy. On the other hand, current liabilities to total assets ratio is used as measure of working capital financing policy. The regression results show inverse relationship between inventory holding periods and accounts receivable with profitability. However there is statistically insignificant relationship between accounts payable period and profitability. The results also show that there exists significant negative relationship between profitability of the sampled firms and cash Conversion cycle (CCC). In hence to that there is significant positive relationship between current assets to total assets ratio and profitability measures has been observed. The other hand, results show that a significant positive relationship between current liabilities to total assets ratio and profitability. To be profitable, firms must try to keep these numbers of days account receivable and inventory turnover days to minimum level. This also helps to minimal the cash conversion cycle (CCC). Since aggressiveness of working capital management investment policies is inversely related to profitability, and aggressive investment policy positively related with profitability, the financial managers of manufacturing Companies should follow conservative investment policy and aggressive financing policy in their working capital management in manufacturing companies. Data and Data Collection to gather the necessary data copies of audited financial statements in the form of income statement and statement of financial position over the period of five years has been use. The population of study will comprised 19 manufacturing share companies in Addis Ababa Ethiopia. The E – views-9 software has been used to analyse financial data and Researcher used panel Least Squares methods for analysis.