Masters of Science

URI for this collectionhttps://rps.wku.edu.et/handle/987654321/9

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    LAND USE PATTERN, CLIMATE CHANGE AND ITS IMPILICATION ON FOOD SECURITY IN GURAGHE ZONE
    (Wolkite University, 2019-01) SHAFI HUSSEN
    It is widely recognized that climate variability and frequent droughts resulting from El-Nin phenomenon are among the major risk factors affecting agricultural production that might contribute to hunger and food insecurity in East Africa in general and Ethiopia in particular The objectives of the present study were to examine the implication of land use pattern climate change and its implication on food security in Guraghe Zone, SNNPRS, Ethiopia. This study is based on Zonale level data of the study area based on major seasonal crops Maize, Wheat, Barely, Sorghum, Teff and Potato which comprise of food crops for the timespan of 2000 to 2010 (CSA). Using secondary data both descriptive statistics (mean, standard devotion, and t-test) and liner regression model were used to analyze the data. Crop productivity in quintals per hactar is chosen to be the Dependent variable whereas cropping area, yield, average annual maximum and minimum temperatures, rural house holders, totalforest area, average annual rainfall are the Explanatory variables. Rainfall positively contributed to the production of maize crop and was significant. Maximum humidity contributed positively, it showed a significant influence on maize yield. The results of study also indicate a positive influence of rainfall on overall productivity. A 1% increase in therainfall leads to a 0.889% increase in the yield of crops. However, the adjusted R2 value showed 47% variability in the production of maize crop. According to this study, theobserved mean yield of the six crops in ascending order is as follows: sorghum, barley ,maize,teff, wheat, and potato. In the case of average production, maize ranked first, potato ranked second, barely ranked third and wheat, teff and sorghum fourth , fifth and six place, respectively. The linear regression that adoption of soil conservation, small-scale irrigation and employing different agronomic practices are important factors influencing household crop productivity. Moreover, land holding and forest are positively and significantly affected house hold‘ scropp productivity. The results further showed that population pressure was important factors affecting crop productivity in the inverse direction. This study further highlighted the significance of cropping area in attaining crop productivity under changing climate. The findings call for action based on growing improved crop seed to increase food crop productivity
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    ROLE OF AGRICULTURAL INPUT CREDIT ON PRODUCTIVITY OF MAIZE: THE CASE OF KUYU WOREDA
    (Wolkite University, 2019) ASTER SOLOMON
    Agriculture is the largest sector in the Ethiopian economy approximately employing 85% of theCountry’s population. Government of Ethiopia is currently paying attention in helping farmers. It provides different incentives like credit and training. Credit plays crucial role in increasing maize production. Despite its importance, farmers face many challenges in utilization of credit formalize production. As the study was intended to find out factors affecting maize production and role of credit in maize production, in North shewa, Kuyu district, different factors foundsignificant. The study has used simple random sampling in identifying sample respondents. Linear multiple regression analysis was used in the study. Ten variables were included in to the regression analysis of the study; four variables become significant. Family size, Land size, fertilizer and Sex of house hold become significant. This indicates agriculture is becoming the main sector in absorbing large number of labor. Now days, no one can expand land size, but there is duty of all bodies to take care of land uses. As credit is playing great role in maize production, it has to be given attention in expanding credit services for the community. There are so many factors hindering farmers from credit utilization, government should create environment that enables farmers to utilize credit according to the intention. Therefore the government better to do expand the farmer training center and which provide know how to the farmers about the role of inputs and how to use them in a best way