Masters of Science
URI for this collectionhttps://rps.wku.edu.et/handle/987654321/9
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Item REMOVAL OF FLOURIDE FROM GROUND WATER BY SURFACE MODIFICATION OF RED SOIL ON THE POLYANILINE: ACASE OF MAREKO SPEACIAL WOREDA, ETHIOPIA(wolkite universty, 2024-08) KORU JEBENO DUTEBOSurface modification of natural adsorbents for enhanced adsorption of water pollutants is strategy developed by varieties of research groups. The purpose of this study was to analyses physicochemical properties and to develop adsorbent material by modifying the electronic structure of red soil via facile in situ chemical oxidative polymerization techniques to remove fluoride from groundwater. The as-synthesized materials were also characterized using powder xiiXRD, FT-IR, UV- Vis spectroscopy, and Conduct meter, and their adsorption performance was tested. The XRD studies reveal that the crystal structures of embedded red soil were amorphous, while PANI, PANI/red soil nano particles distorted and become polycrystalline. The maximum adsorption capacity (qmax) of fluoride ions by PANI/RS was 9.35mg/g. The maximum adsorption performance of PANI/RS at different optimization parameter fluoride ions at pH 4.0, contact time for the adsorption process was 50 minutes, temperature was 350c, initial concentration15mg/L with 2mg adsorbent is 99.9%. Both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm data for fluoride have a good fit with the experimental data (R2 = 0.94 and 0.95), respectively. Therefore, PANI/RS is remarkably outperformed red soil can be a promising candidate to be used as and sorbent material to remove fluoride ions from groundwaterItem VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS OF POTATO IN GURAGE ZONE IN CASE OF GUMMER WOREDA(wolkite universty, 2022-05) TESHOME BEGASHAWThis study explores the value chain analysis of potato in SNNPR, Guraghe Zone;Gummer District. The data were collected from both primary and secondary sources. The primary data were collected from individual interview using semi-structured questionnaire and key informants interviews by using guiding questionnaire. The primary data for this study were collected from 154 randomly selected potato producer households. Data analysis was made using descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression models. The potato products pass through different marketing agents before reaching the end users. The result of the multiple linear regression models indicates production surplus of potato was significantly affected by distance to all weather roads, number of livestock, potato land size, irrigation access, credit access, cash income from other farm activities and lagged price. And also it revealed that the main receivers ofpotato from producers were wholesalers, collectors and consumers. The major constraints and opportunities were at different stages of the value chain. Potato is widely grown and marketed for a long time in the study area, yet farmers face Diseases anapests, Limited access to supply of agricultural inputs and Natural factors are significant and this three variables were constrain of potato production. The opportunities were suitable agro-ecology and government support. Strengthening the linkage among actors, providing training on storage construction and disease control, improving bargaining power of producers and initiate small scale processors were recommended to improve potato value chain.Item EFFECT OF SEEDING AND HERBICIDE APPLICATION RATES ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF FOOD BARLEY (Hordeum vulgare L.) IN CHEHA DISTRICT, GURAGE ZONE, CENTRAL ETHIOPIA(wolkite universty, 2024-06) BEHARU BEREDA SHAWYEBarley is a major cereal crop in the highlands of Ethiopia and serves as a vital source of food, animal feed, and alcohol. However, weed infestation poses a significant challenge, leading to substantial yield reductions. Hence, to address this issue, a study was conducted during the main cropping season in 2022 in Cheha District. The objective was to assess the effect of seeding and herbicide application rates on the growth and yield of barley. The experimental setup consisted of three seeding rates (75kg/ha, 100kg/ha, and 125kg/ha) and three herbicide rates/AXIS 50EC (0.75l/ha, 1l/ha, 1.25l/ha, twice hand weeding, weed-free, and weedy). The study utilized a randomized complete block design with a factorial arrangement, and each treatment was replicated three times. The study revealed that broadleaved weed species dominated the studyarea, accounting for 82.6% of relative density, while grasses constituted 17.4%. The interaction between herbicide application and seeding rates significantly (p<0.05) influenced number of days to heading and maturity, total number and productive tillers per plant, thousand grain weight, number of grains per spike, aboveground biomass yield, and grain yield of barley. The highest yield and yield components of barley were observed with a seed rate of 125 kg, combined with two hand weeding and the application of 1.25l/ha AXIS 50EC. Treatments involving the application of0.75l/ha AXIS 50EC with75 kg seed rate resulted in the highest dry biomass weight for both broad-leaved and grass weed species. The maximum grain yield (5030 kg/ha) was achieved with twice hand weeding when sown with a seed rate of 125 kg. In contrast, the lowest grain yield (1600 kg/ha) was recorded with the application of 0.75l/ha AXIS 50EC and a seed rateof 75 kg. The economic analysis indicated that the combination of a 125 kg seed rate with the application of 1.25l/ha AXIS 50EC produced the highest net benefit and MRR (604.01%). In conclusion, sowing barley at a seed rate of 125 kg and applying AXIS 50EC at 1.25l/resulted in optimal growth and grain yield for the crop. Since the experiment was conduction one location and season, it should be repeated over season and location for further recommendation.Item Challenges and Opportunities of Industrializations To Local Community in Sebeta Town(wolkite universty, 2023-10) BEKELE DUGUMA JIMAThe study has conducted on the challenges and opportunities of industrialization to local community in Sebeta twon. Primary and secondary data were employed, and questionnaires, interview,case study and obsevetion used as primary data collection tools. Descriptive such as tables ,frequency , percents were used . Descriptive data analyses were employed to show the impacts of industrialization on livelihoods of local community such as , land holding size ,employment opportunity and displacements and the interaction effect between expansion of industrial establishment with these variables. The results show industrial expansions has decrease land holding size of individuals, is less likelihood of creating employment opportunity, and displacements of individuals and low engagement of industrial organization in solving problem in surround area.Idustrial project have to benefit local communities though having share holder in the companies.Local people should be consulted in the process of land allocation to the invester(s).Participation of local communities in the industrial project and Invester(s) should understand the local condition I.e culture of local communities where they invest industrial project.Item Determinants Of Deposit Mobilization Of Commercial Banks In Ethiopia.(wolkite universty, 2023-10) Mekonnen FitaThe general objective of this study is to examine Determinants of Deposit mobilization of Commercial banks in Ethiopia. The study employed an explanatory research design with a quantitative approach to assess the impact of both bank specific and macroeconomic Determinants of Deposit mobilization of Commercial banks in Ethiopia. The study had a population size of 12 commercial banks in Ethiopia. To undertake this research paper, the researcher used non-probabilistic sampling specifically the judgmental sampling method was used to select eleven (12) sample banks. Balanced panel data were examined by using descriptive statistics, correlation, and random effect regression analysis covering a period from 2012 - 2021 G.C. In this study, DM was used as the measure of commercial banks. The paper includes, Profitability, Loan to Deposit ratio, liquidity, gross domestic product, inflation, Deposit interest rate. Exchange rate, Number of branch as independent determinants affecting deposit mobilization of commercial banks in Ethiopia. The result from the empirical examination found that bank specific factors;Item EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT LAND USE TYPES, SOIL DEPTH AND TOPOGRAPHY ON SELECTED PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SOIL AT WUNKE WATERSHED OF GETO WOREDA, SOUTHERN ETHIOPIA(wolkite universty, 2023-10) HABTU WOLDEYESUSThe study of soil's physical and chemical properties is critical for the sustainable management of agricultural resources and economic growth. The purpose of the study was to look into the effects of different land use types, soil depth and topography on selected physical and chemical properties of soil in the Wunke watershed of Geto woreda in southern Ethiopia. This study considered three land uses (cultivated, grazing, and enset land), two soil depths (0-20 and 20-40cm), and three topographic positions (upper, middle, and lower) in three replications. For laboratory analysis, a total of 54 composite samples were collected. A three-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed using the general linear model (GLM) procedure of the statistical analysis system (SAS, 2008) to determine whether or not variations in soil their interaction were significant. The findings revealed that the majority of the soil's physical and chemical properties varied with, the interaction effect of land use, soil depth and topography. The interaction effects of land use and soil depth affected particle size distribution, BD, AP, OC, TN CEC, exchangeable bases and PBS. Exchangeable bases and PBS were all significantly influenced by the interaction effect of land use and topography. The interaction effect of soil depth and topography affected sand, silt, pH, AP, OC, TN, and Ca. The interaction effect of land use, soil depth, and topography affected CEC, exchangeable bases and PBS. The highest bulk density (1.17gcm-3) was found grazing land of lower depth, while the lowest (1.0 gcm-3) was found on enset land of lower depth. Soils on enset land had consistently higher pH values, followed by grazing and cultivated lands. , higher (4.1%) mean organic carbon content was found upper depth of lower topographic position and lower (2.4%) mean TN content values were found in cultivated land of lower depth. The effects of soil depth on soil properties revealed that the surface soil layer had the highest sand fraction, TN, OC, and CEC. The subsurface soil layer had the highest clay fraction and the lowest values of TN, OC, and CEC. The interaction effect of land use, soil depth, and topography on soil properties revealed that the lowest layers of soils with the highest exchangeable bases and CEC were found at the lower topographic position under the three land use types. Soil fertility in cultivated lands was lower than in enset and grazing lands. Most of the measured soil properties were better in enset land than in other land use soils, and lower topographic positions were better than upper and middle topographic positions.Item DETERMINANTS OF FINANCIAL REPORTING QUALITY ON ETHIOPIAN INSURANCE COMPANIES(wolkite universty, 2021-11) MULUKEN WELIKA NEGERIThis study intends to assess the determinants of financial reporting quality of Ethiopian insurances companies over a period of 2014-2019. Consequently, the study used document review of insurances’ audited financial statements. The explanatory variables used in this study were Board Size (BS), Leverage (LE), Profitability (ROA), Liquidity (LQ), Auditor Change(AC), Firm Age (FA) and Firm Size(FS). In this study sixteen Insurance companies were selected from a total population of insurances companies to accomplish a study for the period of six years (2014-2019) with the total of 96 observations. Moreover, for the dependent variable data were collected for seven years period, from (2013-2020). To test the hypotheses, the study adopted the quantitative research approach. The secondary data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation matrix and linear regression analysis and data from document reviews were interpreted qualitatively. The study used panel data and random regression model to analyze the Determinants of Financial Reporting quality of Ethiopian insurance companies. The study found that profitability ratio has positive and significant effect on financial reporting quality. While, auditor changes, board size, leverage and liquidity were found to be insignificant effect on financial reporting quality of Ethiopian insurance companies. It is recommended that insurance companies should do to improve their liquidity management systems through broadening and diversifying of funding sources and shortening asset maturities that leads to a better quality of financial report.Item PREVALENCE OF INTESTINAL PARASITIC INFECTION AND ITS CONTRIBUTING FACTORS AMONG STUDENTS AT SEDIE TOWN PUBLIC ELEMENTARY SCHOOL IN EAST GOJJAM ZONE AMARA, ETHIOPIA.(wolkite universty, 2025-05) GEDEFAW ASHAGRIE ABEJEThis thesis presented "Prevalence of Intestinal Parasitic Infection and Associated Risk Factors among School children in Primary Schools at Sedie woreda, Amara Regional State of Ethiopia" examines the intervention measures and intestinal parasite infections (IPIs) in elementary school students in Sedie woreda. The research was conducted from March to November 2024 and involved a sample size of 321 children. The data collected provides insights into the frequency of de worming supplementation awareness regarding intestinal parasites, as well as the frequency of protozoa and helminthiasis infections. The findings reveal that during the specified time frame, no de worming supplementation was provided to the children. While some children reported being aware of intestinal parasites, themajority did not receive regular de worming supplementation. The study identified a not able percentage of children with protozoa infections, particularly Giardia and Entamoeba histolytic. Additionally, a small proportion of children tested positive for helminthiasis infections, including Ascaris lumbricoides and tapeworms. These results emphasize the urgent need for implementing de worming programs and interventions to address and control the intestinal parasite infection incidence in elementary school students in the Sedie woreda. Such interventions are vital to enhance the health and welfare of school children by reducing the burden of these infections and their associated adverse effects, including growth stunting, malnutrition, anemia, fatigue, and impaired school attendance and cognitive performance.Item THE ASSESSMENT OF HOME GARDENS PLANT SPECIES DIVERSITY, COMPOSITION AND THEIR USE TYPES IN FOFA WOREDA,YEM ZONE, CENTRA ETHIOPIA REGION, ETHIOPIA(wolkite universty, 2024-04) GASHIE AGEGN ENGIDAThe study was conducted in fofa warada of yem Zone in central Ethiopia region. It was located at north wast of the Zone and 189km far from Addis Ababa. Study was carried out from February 2015-december 2016. For sit selection purposive sampling technique was used. Home garden is defined as a serious land use system involving the purposeful management of multipurpose trees and shrubs and herbs grown in close association of house. Herbaceous species were diverse and greater in number. Data was gathered by using botanical survey methods. The aim of this study was to investigate the diversity of homgarden plant species and their use values. Frome 15 kebele two kebeles with different altitude were selected purposively, but there was not practice of home garden at low land agro ecology. 304 informants were selected for data collection from both kebele. Home garden plant were identified by online plant scientific checking system, previously done research works and by using taxonomic keys of ‘Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea. In both kebele of study area (Gessi (midland and top Kesheli (high land) 67 plant species were distributed in to 59 genera and 34 families. Microsoft excell was used to manage data. Data was summarized by descriptive statistics. Preference ranking, direct matrix ranking, Sorenson’s diversity index were ethno botanical data analysis methods. Poaceae family were predominant in number of species (6 species). Other17 families of eachcontaines only one species. Enset ventricosum was the dominant plant species in study area while Rosa hybrid and Ricinus communist were the least plant species in tope kesheli and Gessi kebele respectively. The diversity index values (H’) for Gessi was 3.55 and 3.348 for Top keshele respectively. The Simpson’s diversity index of Gessi was 0.96112 and for kesheli was 0.9540. The evenness index of the species in the two study area were nearly similar (E = 0.8603 for Gessi and E=0.8746 for Top keshele) .Sorenson`s Index of similarity (Ss) in both kebele was 0.74(74%), implies that the overall similarity of species in both kebele. 62 species were found at Gessi and 46 species were found at Top keshele. Interms of habit largest in number were herbs and the least in number were climbers. To identify bioactive chemicals it would be more useful if quantitative phytochemical screening tests carried out.Item GROWTH AND BULB YIELD OF ONION (Allium cepa Var. cepa) VARIETIES IN RESPONSE TO NPSB FERTILIZER AT CHEHA DISTRICT, GURAGE ZONE(wolkite universty, 2023-05) TESHOME DENBU BIZUNEHOnion (Allium cepa L.) is one of the most important vegetable crops commercially grown in the world. It is a high value and income generating vegetable crops for most small scale farmers and commercial growers in Ethiopia. However, the productivity of onion is low at national as well as regional levels; due to various limiting factors such as lack of improved varieties and low soil fertility. Accordingly, a field experiment was conducted to evaluate growth and yield response of onion varieties to NPSB fertilizer rates at Cheha district, Guraghe zone during 2022 cropping season. The experiment was consisted of four onion varieties (Bombay Red, Nafid, Nafis and Nasik Red) and four levels of NPSB fertilizer (0, 195, 244 and 293 kg ha-1) combined factoriallly and laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Yield and yield related parameters were recorded and subjected to analysis of variance. The analysis of variance for agronomic parameters showed that the main effects; variety and application of NPSB blended fertilizer rate were significant for almost all traits. Similarly all yield and yield related traits were significantly influenced by the interaction of varieties and NPSB fertilizer rate except plant height. The highest values for most of the response variables were recorded from variety Nafis combined with NPSB at rate of 293 kg ha-1.The partial budget analysis revealed that the highest net benefit 414255(ETB ha-1) with acceptable MRR was obtained from the variety Nafis combined with application of 244 kg ha-1 of NPSB fertilizer. Hence, the use of Nafis onion variety and application of 244 kgha-1 NPSB fertilizer rate was economically feasible and can be recommended for optimum production of onion in the study area and other areas having similar agro-ecology. However, as the experiment was done for only one season and single location, it has to be repeated over seasons and locations to have conclusive recommendation.