Masters of Science

URI for this collectionhttps://rps.wku.edu.et/handle/987654321/9

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    Challenges and Opportunities of Industrializations To Local Community in Sebeta Town
    (wolkite universty, 2023-10) BEKELE DUGUMA JIMA
    The study has conducted on the challenges and opportunities of industrialization to local community in Sebeta twon. Primary and secondary data were employed, and questionnaires, interview,case study and obsevetion used as primary data collection tools. Descriptive such as tables ,frequency , percents were used . Descriptive data analyses were employed to show the impacts of industrialization on livelihoods of local community such as , land holding size ,employment opportunity and displacements and the interaction effect between expansion of industrial establishment with these variables. The results show industrial expansions has decrease land holding size of individuals, is less likelihood of creating employment opportunity, and displacements of individuals and low engagement of industrial organization in solving problem in surround area.Idustrial project have to benefit local communities though having share holder in the companies.Local people should be consulted in the process of land allocation to the invester(s).Participation of local communities in the industrial project and Invester(s) should understand the local condition I.e culture of local communities where they invest industrial project.
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    Determinants Of Deposit Mobilization Of Commercial Banks In Ethiopia.
    (wolkite universty, 2023-10) Mekonnen Fita
    The general objective of this study is to examine Determinants of Deposit mobilization of Commercial banks in Ethiopia. The study employed an explanatory research design with a quantitative approach to assess the impact of both bank specific and macroeconomic Determinants of Deposit mobilization of Commercial banks in Ethiopia. The study had a population size of 12 commercial banks in Ethiopia. To undertake this research paper, the researcher used non-probabilistic sampling specifically the judgmental sampling method was used to select eleven (12) sample banks. Balanced panel data were examined by using descriptive statistics, correlation, and random effect regression analysis covering a period from 2012 - 2021 G.C. In this study, DM was used as the measure of commercial banks. The paper includes, Profitability, Loan to Deposit ratio, liquidity, gross domestic product, inflation, Deposit interest rate. Exchange rate, Number of branch as independent determinants affecting deposit mobilization of commercial banks in Ethiopia. The result from the empirical examination found that bank specific factors;
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    EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT LAND USE TYPES, SOIL DEPTH AND TOPOGRAPHY ON SELECTED PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SOIL AT WUNKE WATERSHED OF GETO WOREDA, SOUTHERN ETHIOPIA
    (wolkite universty, 2023-10) HABTU WOLDEYESUS
    The study of soil's physical and chemical properties is critical for the sustainable management of agricultural resources and economic growth. The purpose of the study was to look into the effects of different land use types, soil depth and topography on selected physical and chemical properties of soil in the Wunke watershed of Geto woreda in southern Ethiopia. This study considered three land uses (cultivated, grazing, and enset land), two soil depths (0-20 and 20-40cm), and three topographic positions (upper, middle, and lower) in three replications. For laboratory analysis, a total of 54 composite samples were collected. A three-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed using the general linear model (GLM) procedure of the statistical analysis system (SAS, 2008) to determine whether or not variations in soil their interaction were significant. The findings revealed that the majority of the soil's physical and chemical properties varied with, the interaction effect of land use, soil depth and topography. The interaction effects of land use and soil depth affected particle size distribution, BD, AP, OC, TN CEC, exchangeable bases and PBS. Exchangeable bases and PBS were all significantly influenced by the interaction effect of land use and topography. The interaction effect of soil depth and topography affected sand, silt, pH, AP, OC, TN, and Ca. The interaction effect of land use, soil depth, and topography affected CEC, exchangeable bases and PBS. The highest bulk density (1.17gcm-3) was found grazing land of lower depth, while the lowest (1.0 gcm-3) was found on enset land of lower depth. Soils on enset land had consistently higher pH values, followed by grazing and cultivated lands. , higher (4.1%) mean organic carbon content was found upper depth of lower topographic position and lower (2.4%) mean TN content values were found in cultivated land of lower depth. The effects of soil depth on soil properties revealed that the surface soil layer had the highest sand fraction, TN, OC, and CEC. The subsurface soil layer had the highest clay fraction and the lowest values of TN, OC, and CEC. The interaction effect of land use, soil depth, and topography on soil properties revealed that the lowest layers of soils with the highest exchangeable bases and CEC were found at the lower topographic position under the three land use types. Soil fertility in cultivated lands was lower than in enset and grazing lands. Most of the measured soil properties were better in enset land than in other land use soils, and lower topographic positions were better than upper and middle topographic positions.
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    DETERMINANTS OF FINANCIAL REPORTING QUALITY ON ETHIOPIAN INSURANCE COMPANIES
    (wolkite universty, 2021-11) MULUKEN WELIKA NEGERI
    This study intends to assess the determinants of financial reporting quality of Ethiopian insurances companies over a period of 2014-2019. Consequently, the study used document review of insurances’ audited financial statements. The explanatory variables used in this study were Board Size (BS), Leverage (LE), Profitability (ROA), Liquidity (LQ), Auditor Change(AC), Firm Age (FA) and Firm Size(FS). In this study sixteen Insurance companies were selected from a total population of insurances companies to accomplish a study for the period of six years (2014-2019) with the total of 96 observations. Moreover, for the dependent variable data were collected for seven years period, from (2013-2020). To test the hypotheses, the study adopted the quantitative research approach. The secondary data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation matrix and linear regression analysis and data from document reviews were interpreted qualitatively. The study used panel data and random regression model to analyze the Determinants of Financial Reporting quality of Ethiopian insurance companies. The study found that profitability ratio has positive and significant effect on financial reporting quality. While, auditor changes, board size, leverage and liquidity were found to be insignificant effect on financial reporting quality of Ethiopian insurance companies. It is recommended that insurance companies should do to improve their liquidity management systems through broadening and diversifying of funding sources and shortening asset maturities that leads to a better quality of financial report.
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    PREVALENCE OF INTESTINAL PARASITIC INFECTION AND ITS CONTRIBUTING FACTORS AMONG STUDENTS AT SEDIE TOWN PUBLIC ELEMENTARY SCHOOL IN EAST GOJJAM ZONE AMARA, ETHIOPIA.
    (wolkite universty, 2025-05) GEDEFAW ASHAGRIE ABEJE
    This thesis presented "Prevalence of Intestinal Parasitic Infection and Associated Risk Factors among School children in Primary Schools at Sedie woreda, Amara Regional State of Ethiopia" examines the intervention measures and intestinal parasite infections (IPIs) in elementary school students in Sedie woreda. The research was conducted from March to November 2024 and involved a sample size of 321 children. The data collected provides insights into the frequency of de worming supplementation awareness regarding intestinal parasites, as well as the frequency of protozoa and helminthiasis infections. The findings reveal that during the specified time frame, no de worming supplementation was provided to the children. While some children reported being aware of intestinal parasites, themajority did not receive regular de worming supplementation. The study identified a not able percentage of children with protozoa infections, particularly Giardia and Entamoeba histolytic. Additionally, a small proportion of children tested positive for helminthiasis infections, including Ascaris lumbricoides and tapeworms. These results emphasize the urgent need for implementing de worming programs and interventions to address and control the intestinal parasite infection incidence in elementary school students in the Sedie woreda. Such interventions are vital to enhance the health and welfare of school children by reducing the burden of these infections and their associated adverse effects, including growth stunting, malnutrition, anemia, fatigue, and impaired school attendance and cognitive performance.
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    THE ASSESSMENT OF HOME GARDENS PLANT SPECIES DIVERSITY, COMPOSITION AND THEIR USE TYPES IN FOFA WOREDA,YEM ZONE, CENTRA ETHIOPIA REGION, ETHIOPIA
    (wolkite universty, 2024-04) GASHIE AGEGN ENGIDA
    The study was conducted in fofa warada of yem Zone in central Ethiopia region. It was located at north wast of the Zone and 189km far from Addis Ababa. Study was carried out from February 2015-december 2016. For sit selection purposive sampling technique was used. Home garden is defined as a serious land use system involving the purposeful management of multipurpose trees and shrubs and herbs grown in close association of house. Herbaceous species were diverse and greater in number. Data was gathered by using botanical survey methods. The aim of this study was to investigate the diversity of homgarden plant species and their use values. Frome 15 kebele two kebeles with different altitude were selected purposively, but there was not practice of home garden at low land agro ecology. 304 informants were selected for data collection from both kebele. Home garden plant were identified by online plant scientific checking system, previously done research works and by using taxonomic keys of ‘Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea. In both kebele of study area (Gessi (midland and top Kesheli (high land) 67 plant species were distributed in to 59 genera and 34 families. Microsoft excell was used to manage data. Data was summarized by descriptive statistics. Preference ranking, direct matrix ranking, Sorenson’s diversity index were ethno botanical data analysis methods. Poaceae family were predominant in number of species (6 species). Other17 families of eachcontaines only one species. Enset ventricosum was the dominant plant species in study area while Rosa hybrid and Ricinus communist were the least plant species in tope kesheli and Gessi kebele respectively. The diversity index values (H’) for Gessi was 3.55 and 3.348 for Top keshele respectively. The Simpson’s diversity index of Gessi was 0.96112 and for kesheli was 0.9540. The evenness index of the species in the two study area were nearly similar (E = 0.8603 for Gessi and E=0.8746 for Top keshele) .Sorenson`s Index of similarity (Ss) in both kebele was 0.74(74%), implies that the overall similarity of species in both kebele. 62 species were found at Gessi and 46 species were found at Top keshele. Interms of habit largest in number were herbs and the least in number were climbers. To identify bioactive chemicals it would be more useful if quantitative phytochemical screening tests carried out.
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    GROWTH AND BULB YIELD OF ONION (Allium cepa Var. cepa) VARIETIES IN RESPONSE TO NPSB FERTILIZER AT CHEHA DISTRICT, GURAGE ZONE
    (wolkite universty, 2023-05) TESHOME DENBU BIZUNEH
    Onion (Allium cepa L.) is one of the most important vegetable crops commercially grown in the world. It is a high value and income generating vegetable crops for most small scale farmers and commercial growers in Ethiopia. However, the productivity of onion is low at national as well as regional levels; due to various limiting factors such as lack of improved varieties and low soil fertility. Accordingly, a field experiment was conducted to evaluate growth and yield response of onion varieties to NPSB fertilizer rates at Cheha district, Guraghe zone during 2022 cropping season. The experiment was consisted of four onion varieties (Bombay Red, Nafid, Nafis and Nasik Red) and four levels of NPSB fertilizer (0, 195, 244 and 293 kg ha-1) combined factoriallly and laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Yield and yield related parameters were recorded and subjected to analysis of variance. The analysis of variance for agronomic parameters showed that the main effects; variety and application of NPSB blended fertilizer rate were significant for almost all traits. Similarly all yield and yield related traits were significantly influenced by the interaction of varieties and NPSB fertilizer rate except plant height. The highest values for most of the response variables were recorded from variety Nafis combined with NPSB at rate of 293 kg ha-1.The partial budget analysis revealed that the highest net benefit 414255(ETB ha-1) with acceptable MRR was obtained from the variety Nafis combined with application of 244 kg ha-1 of NPSB fertilizer. Hence, the use of Nafis onion variety and application of 244 kgha-1 NPSB fertilizer rate was economically feasible and can be recommended for optimum production of onion in the study area and other areas having similar agro-ecology. However, as the experiment was done for only one season and single location, it has to be repeated over seasons and locations to have conclusive recommendation.
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    RESPONSE OF CHICKPEA (Cicer arietinum L.) TO VARIETIES, INOCULATION WITH MESORHIZOBIUM STRAINS, AND APPLICATION OF BLENDED NPSB FERTILIZER AT CHEHA DISTRICT, GURAGE ZONE, SOUTHERN ETHIOPIA
    (wolkite universty, 2023-06) GASHAW NAHUSENAY GEBRE-EGZIABHER
    Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is a major legume crop in Ethiopia and provide multiple benefits, dueto high nutritive value as well as the ability of the crop to enrich nitrogen poor soils due to biological nitrogen fixation with different strains of end symbiotic Mesorhizobium spp. However, the effectiveness of the strains varies due to inherent physiological characteristics of the endo-symbionts, the host varieties, and nutrient availability in the soil. Its’ cultivation in the study area is constrained mainly by low soil fertility (low N, low soil OM, low available P, S and B) causing ineffective nodulation, and lack of improved agronomic practices. Therefore, the field experiment was conducted during the main cropping season of 2021/22 at Cheha district in Buchach Kebele with the objective of evaluating the effect of inoculation with Mesorhizobium strains and NPSB fertilizer application on nodulation, growth, and yield performance of different chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) varieties.Factorial combinations of three Mesorhizobium strains CP-M41, CP-EAL 029, CP-M20b, and un-inoculated control, two NPSB levels (0 and 121 kg NPSB ha-1) and two chickpea varieties (Local and Arerti) were laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Analysis of variance showed that crop phenology, nodulation parameters, growth parameters, yield and yield components were significantly affected by the main effects. The effect was more pronounced in the interaction effect of different Mesorhizobium strains with NPSB application and varieties. The maximum values of most studied parameters were found from Arerti variety at the combined application of CP-M41 Mesorhizobium strain with NPSB fertilizer (121kgha-1) as compared with the single application and the control. The highest grain yield (3177.16 kg ha1) was recorded from the use of Arerti variety at the combined application of NPSB fertilizer with CP-M41 Mesorhizobium strain, which resulted in 15.96%, 24.06% and 37.93% increment over the use of Arerti x CP-M41 strain, Arerti x NPSB, and the control, respectively. From the economic point of view, the partial budget analysis of the study treatments revealed that the highest net return (102,092.6 ETB ha-1) with an acceptable marginal rate of return (618%) was gained from Arerti variety with the combined application of 121 kg NPSB ha-1 and Mesorhizobium strain CP-M41 inoculation. Hence, it can be concluded that the use of Arerti variety with combined application of 121 kg NPSB ha-1 with CP-M41 strain is found to be an appropriate combination to get higher yield and profit of chickpea crop at the study area. However, verification of the result on farmers’ fields across season and areas could be required before wide use of this study to put the recommendation in firm ground.
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    BEST PROXIMITY POINT RESULTS FOR SUZUKI TYPE GENERALIZED( )-WEAK PROXIMAL CONTRACTION MAPPINGS IN METRIC SPACE
    (wolkite universty, 2021-12) AWOL MOHAMMED
    In this project, I introduce a new Suzuki type generalized ( )-weak proximal contraction mappings in metric space and prove the existence of the best proximity point for such mappings in a complete metric space. I provide examples to illustrate the result .My result extends some of the results in the literature
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    EFFECT OF PLANTING DATES ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF MAIZE (Zea mays L.) VARIETIES AT EZHA DISTRICT, GURAGE ZONE, CENTRAL ETHIOPIA
    (WOLKITE UNIVERSITY, 2024-05) DINO NASIR MOHAMED
    Planting dates is a critical factor in maize production decision-making, with implications for crop management, variety selection, and adaptation to changing environmental conditions. Afield experiment was conducted to study the effect of planting date on growth and yield of maize varieties. The experiment was conducted in Ezha district during the 2023 main cropping season. The treatments consisted of factorial combinations of four maize varieties (BH540, BH661, Shone, and Limu) and four planting dates (9-April, 19-April, 29-April, and 9-May) laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD)with three replications. The experiment's findings demonstrated that planting dates and varieties had a significant impact on most parameters examined. However, varieties had no effect on the number of days to anthesis and silking. The statistical analysis result revealed that, Limu variety interacted with the planting date of 9-April, resulted, the longest days to anthesis silking interval (11.67), the largest number of ears per plant (1.40), the highest thousand kernel weight (410), the highest above-ground dry biomass (13.93 kg ha-1), and the highest grain yield (6.71 t ha-1) of maize. Similarly, the planting date 9-May interacted with the same variety, resulted the longest days to anthesis silking interval (11.67). The variety Limu resulted in the highest days to maturity (170), ear length (16.63 cm), ear diameter (16.08 cm), and harvest index (43.92). Similarly, Variety BH661 resulted in the highest ear height (101.45), longest days to emergence (9.08 days), longest days to anthesis (95.58 days), and longest days to silking (103.17); beside, the highest plant height (238.97cm), and the highest number of rows per ear (16.40) recorded from variety shone. Conversely, the planting date of 9-April yielded the longest days to maturity (161.75), the highest number of kernels per row (35.56 cm), the highest ear height (84.93 cm), the longest ear length (17.61 cm), the longest ear diameter (17.74 cm), and the highest harvest index (42.05%). Likewise, the planting date of 9-May recorded the longest day to emergence (9.5), the longest day to anthesis (98.67), and the longest days to silking (107.83). Thus, based on the result, early planting on April 9 resulted in the highest grain yield (6.7 t ha-1) from the Limu variety, whereas the lowest grain yield (1.65 t ha-1) was recorded from the BH540 late planted on May 9. Therefore, variety Limu with early planting date (April 9) was recommended for maize production in the study area. However, the experiment was done only at one location and one season; therefore, it would have to be replicated across locations and seasons to get the best conclusive result and a sound full recommendation for a specific area in order to assure the findings of the current study.