Bachelor of Science
URI for this collectionhttps://rps.wku.edu.et/handle/987654321/112
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Item SENIOR RESEARCH A PROJECT SUBMITTED TO: DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS: IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR B.SC. DEGREE IN AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS(wolkite universty, 2019-09) MULUGETA TESFAYE; NIGIST BOGALEIn Ethiopia, over 20% of rural income originates from non-farm sources. This particular research was carried out with the aim of generating location specific data regarding the nonfarm activities participation, determinants of non-farm income participation and factors to nonfarm participation in Cheha woreda. The research employed both qualitative and quantitative research methods. The main aim of this paper is to describe the determinants of households’ participation in non-farm activities in Cheha woreda, Southern Gurage zone. This paper analyzed the factors that affect household participation on nonfarm activities, types of nonfarm activities that households being participated or not participated in non-farming activity Cheha Woreda. The data collection process was done by conducting a direct interview and questioner with the respondents for the primary data were concerned with the case under the study. The respondents were selected on Gasory, yedebe and awana and chukara kebele of Cheha Woreda random sampling technique by considering our available resources such as; finance and time. The selected study design was a cross sectional design. The results of each study were discussed briefly on literature part. The final results were discussed and summarized using descriptive statistics such as (percentage, tables,) and Econometrics model like logistic regression analysis The binary logistic regression indicated that five variables such as sex of the respondent of household, nonfarm training, distance of from market, education of respondent of the household, and Age of respondent of house hold were had significant relation with dependent variables among the nine explanatory variables. The paper also contained recommendation part for the concerned bodies to create awareness about the problem and household participation of nonfarm activity to reduce unemployment and increase income of one country its consequences and to make other further research paper on this issue in Cheha Woreda. The model result revealed that sex of household head, age of household head, educational status of household head, distance from the market and nonfarm training.Item ASSESSMENT ON BEEKEEPING PRACTICES, PRODUCTION POTENTIAL AND CHALLENGES OF BEE KEEPING AMONG BEEKEEPERS IN SELECTED KEBELES OF CHEHA WOREDA.(wolkite universty, 2019-09) MolalignTebkew; Betelehem yenefenta; Birtukan HabtamuThe study was carried out in three selected districts of Wolkite Zone of southern Nation nationality and people’s regional state, Sisnemate, Adoshe and Werdene districts which are found in cheha District. The objective of the study was to access production systems, opportunities and constraints of beekeeping in the study districts. Beekeeping is a long-standing practice in the study districts and appears as ancient history of the country as a whole. A total of 60 respondents with differing number from each area were selected randomly based.. The selected respondents were interviewed using pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire and single visit multiple-subject formal survey method was used to collect the data. The data collected was analyzed using descriptive statistics using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20. The results of the household survey showed that the majority of the hives owned by the bee keepers were traditional, followed by modern and lastly transitional bee hives. The majority (70%) of the respondents started beekeeping by catching swarms. Honey was harvested twice a year from May to June and from September to November. The survey result also indicated that beekeeping has a huge number of constraints that hinder honey bee production and profitability. The major constraints are shortage of bee forage, pests and predators, death of colony, swarming; and others respectively. Lack of bee forage associated with deforestation was the main problem, and it was ranks first among all the constraints. The major pests and predators are ants, rats, beetles wax moth, bee lice, spiders, birds, lizards, snakes, etc. The respondents indicated that, they had interest to improve beekeeping practices in the area. So, the government and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) should support them by providing training on how to manage honey bee flora, and providing modern honey bee equipment to enhance the honey productivity in the study area.Item Impact of Urbanization on Sustainable Tourism Development In Case of Nekemte Town(wolkite universty, 2019-09) Banchi ZerihunThe study would be conducted under the title of the impact of urbanization on sustainable tourism development in case of Nekemte town. The main objective of the study is to assess the impact of urbanization on sustainable tourism development of Nekemte town. The researcher would be used simple random sampling technique and descriptive research design subject are local community, municipality and culture tourism office employees 95 sample size. The researcher used both primary and secondary source of data. The researcher would be gathered the primary data using questionnaires and interview whereas secondary data would be collected from sources such as published books, on the base of gather data and analysis. Urbanization has different impact on socio economic, cultural and environmental wellbeing of Nekemte town. Those impacts are either negative or positive. The major impact creates job opportunity, improve infrastructure, causes inflation. Cause theft begging and other social problem creates acculturation and environmental and sound pollution.Item DESIGN AND CONTROL OF QUADCOPER USING PID CONTROLLER(wolkite universty, 2019-09) Hawi Aboma; Mahlet Alemayehu; Megertu Abebe[Quadracopter is a flying object, which flies with a help by four propellers. The objective of this project work is to design, model and control the position and altitude of a quadcopter. To fulfill this objective, a mathematical model of the quadcopter has been developed. The simulation of the model and controller design is developed in MATLAB/Simulink environment. We operates with a simplified mathematical model representation of the quadcopter and modeling of the intended system. The designed a linearized simulation model for a Quadcopter and design a PID controller for the Quadcopter. In order to design the controller, the modeling of the brushless DC motors (BLDCM) which are responsible of the quadcopter motion is done by obtain the relationship between the control input U and the four-motor speed, first through the motor speed and control of four forces between the conversion relationship, a given motor speed corresponding to the control input Ui and obtain that thrust is proportional to the square of angular velocity of the motor. Linearization refers to finding the linear approximation and stability of an equilibrium point of a system of non linear to a function. The position models is to control the quadcopter around a hovering state, the models can be linearized around the hovering state and assumed that all the linear velocities and all the angular velocities are equal to zero. During control height our system have no maximum overshoot, 3.5se of settling time, rise time is 3se and during control position our stytem performance also with minimum of maximum over shoot (to usually 25%) approximated zero steady state error, 7.5se settling time. The designed controller is setted the value at a specified level and simulation results are discussed.Item Factors Affecting Adoption of Improved Teff Varieties in Cheha District of Guraghe Zone, Ethiopia(wolkite universty, 2019-09-14) Gamtesa Beka; Endalkechew Mokonin; Gebreegzabher WorkuAdoption and wider diffusion of improved varieties is playing vital role in reversing the present situation of food insecurity in many parts of Ethiopia. However, the uses of improved teff varieties are constrained by various factors. Hence, in this study, an attempt was made to examine factors affecting the household’s decision to adopt improved teff verities in Cheha woreda. The study was based on the cross-sectional data obtained from 93 teff producers collected through semi-structured questionnaire. A multi-stage random sampling technique was employed to select sample respondents. Descriptive statistical like mean, standard deviation, percentage, and frequency distribution and Probit model was used to address the objectives of the study. The result of the econometric analysis using probit model confirmed that age of household head, size of land allocated for teff and distance from the nearest market affect the husehold’s adoption decision negatively and significantly whereas frequency of extension contact, off/non-farm income, household’s livestock holding, improved teff seed availability were found to affect the household’s adoption decision positively and significantly. Therefore, providing frequent and reliable extension contact, providing good transport facilities for farmers through infrastructural development, smoothening the access to and availability of improved teff seeds, enhancing household’s non-farm income generation capacity and supporting households to enhance their livestock holding are the primary focus areas that need policy intervention to enhance the adoption of improved variety so that their productivity will be improved which inturn will enhance the households food security.Item ANALYSING FACTORS AFFECT MAIZE PRODUCTION: INCASE OF CHEHA WOREDA(wolkite universty, 2019-09) Dafara Tadese; Defar BayisaThe main objective of the study is to assess the factors affecting maize productivity with specific objectives being; to assess major inputs being used in maize productivity and to identify factors that can affect the quantity of maize production in cheha woreda. The research used survey to collect primary data. Secondary sources were also used to gather the data. The primary data employed structured interview and questionnaire for 66 respondents’. These methods would helpful to collect information from farmers (households). The secondary data was collected from different thesis, and bureau of extension agents. Purposive simple random sampling technique is selected to select Woreda. Based on collected data, the researcher identified the factors affecting maize productivity. As such, labour force, land size, sex, and marital status significantly affected maize productivity. Land size and marital status negatively affected maize productivity while sex and labour force positively affected it. In order minimize and alleviate the existed problems, some policy implications are recommended such as agricultural subsidies to make availability of inputs such as fertilizer, improve seed easier for farmers to support them improve maize productivity.Item OCIO ECONOMIC CONTRIBUTION AND CHALLENGES OF ECOTOURISM IN CASE OF YAYO FOREST BIOSPHERE RESERVE(wolkite universty, 2019-09) BURTUKAN GALIThe study emphasizes on the area of the Socio Economic Contribution and Challenges of Ecotourism in Case of Yayo Forest Biosphere Reserve. Tourism comprises the activities of person traveling and staying in place outside their usual environment for not more than one year for business and other purpose. Yayo forest is one of the remaining forests in Ethiopia; it provides many social and economic benefits to the communities. Therefore, make significant socio economic contribution to the livelihoods of natural people and to country’s economies. This study were conducted to assess the socio economic contribution and challenges of Ecotourism in case of Yayo forest biosphere reserve in Yayo woreda, Illu Abbabora Zone, Oromia regional state. The researcher selected thirty respondents by using purposive sampling method study. The study was intended to use of research design, which means, the qualitative approach were used for interview and document analyzing, and the quantitative approach used for analyzing the data that gathered through a questioner, interview, field observation and group discussion. The study findings indicated that according to the local community perception the major contribution of ecotourism in Yayo forest was source of income, employment opportunities, enhancing infrastructure development, Increase awareness about environmental conservation, encourage conservation of ecotourism attraction and also there is the major challenges for this study area, were lack of promotion, inadequate infrastructure development for tourist, agricultural expansion, deforestation, lack of educated power by ecotourism, law awareness about ecotourism, over grazing. Those problems should specifically identify and promotional activities and measures should be taken.Item Senior Research On Role Of Poultry Production In Household Food Security In Cheha Woreda(wolkite universty, 2019-09-14) Boki Bedane; & Cherinet AyanaThe study attempted to access the role of poultry production in household income and saving, asset building, the level of household food insecurity and to identify the determinants of poultry production in Cheha district. The sample of 68 households were randomly selected from the randomly selected two kebeles of the district. Data was collected using key informant interview, focus group discussion and interview schedule. The descriptive and probit model was used for the analysis of collected data. The findings of the study showed that poultry producer households were enabled to generate more income, increased the trends of cash saving and asset ownership than that of non-producers of poultry in the study area. The results of study also indicated that a non-producer of poultry households were more food insecure than that of the producer households in study area. The result also revealed that family size, marital status, livestock holding and age of household head significantly affects the poultry production decision of the farmers in the study area. Therefore, the study suggest that action on these significantly affecting poultry production decision of households should get due attention to improve the food security status of the farming households in the study area.Item TIME SERIES ANALYSIS OF INFLATION IN ETHIOPIA: UNIVARIATE CASE(wolkite universty, 2019-09) ATALELECH KUAU; MISGANU MAREInflation refers to a situation in which the economy’s overall price level is rising where as Inflation rate is the percentage change in the price level from the previous period. The aim of this research paper focused to fit a Univariate time series model which can be used to forecast the overall inflation behavior in Ethiopia. The secondary data based on the Consumer Price Index (CPI) was used on monthly observations from January 2001 to December 2018 reported from Central Statistical Agency(CSA). The Univar ate time series model was employed for modeling inflation. We apply ADF test to detect Stationary of the series. Model selection is one of the fundamental tasks of scientific inquiry and the partial autocorrelation, autocorrelation functions, AIC and BIC were used to identify the appropriate model. Thus, the estimated conditional mean and variance for in-sample series have been achieved by combination of AR (1) with GARCH (1, 1) model with the minimum AIC and BIC rank sum value for the log return series. In all the cases the coefficients of the ARCH terms are significant at 5% level of significance implying that there is clustering of volatility of overall inflation. That is, large changes in log returns of prices of goods and services are likely to be followed by further large changes. Similarly, the significance of the coefficients of the GARCH terms in each case at the 5% level of significance indicates that the present conditional variance is dependent on its past variances. The forecasting accuracy of the model was checked using like MZ-R2, RMSE, MAE and MAPE. The general level of price of goods and services is rising over time at the country level. It creates uncertainty when the average price level of goods and services changes significantly and becomes unstable. Therefore, focus should be given on policies that will achieve price stability in the country level. STATA12 software has been used to analyze the data.Item ASSESSMENT OF THE CONTRIBUTION AND CHALLENGES OF LAKE HAWASSA(wolkite universty, 2019-09) ASEFASH ABEBEABSTRACT Lake is a body of water surrounded on all side by land. Lake water is still or standing, meaning, it does not flow. Lakes are among the most fragile environments due to anthropogenic effects alongside natural phenomena that can trigger rapid environmental changes to their ecosystems. The purpose of this study was too recognized or identifies the contribution and challenges of Lake Hawassa .Both primary and secondary sources of data were used for this study. The primary sources include questionnaires, interview, and field observation. Based on the Data Lake Hawassa was affected by a lot of challenges such as urbanization, agricultural expansion, damping of wastes from factory and city. There is also degradations that affect Lake Hawassa such as reduction of water volume, reduction of fish production, water pollution and reduction of biodiversity. The contribution of lake Hawassa for community such as recreation, crop production, fishery production and horticulture production. Generally, to reduce challenges and increase benefits of lake Hawassa training should be given create awareness for community and there should be strong management with implementation of laws and policies for Lake.