Bachelor of Science

URI for this collectionhttps://rps.wku.edu.et/handle/987654321/112

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    PATIENTS’ SATISFACTION AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS TOWARDS HEALTH CARE SERVICES AT AGENA PIRMARY HOSPITAL GURAGHE ZONE,CENTERAL ETHIOPIA, 2025.
    (wolkite universty, 2025-06) -ABREHAM WORKU (PHO); ABDREZAK AKMEL (PHO); HAYMANOT FEKADU (PHO); ZEKARIAS DAMIEL (PHO)
    Background: Currently,patient satisfaction is a major concern in the health care system of Ethiopia. As the expectation of patients increase over time, the quality of the service has to keep on improving to maintain or increase level of satisfaction. Objective: To assess levels of patients satisfaction and associated factor with overall health services rendered at Agena primary Hospital Gurage Zone,Central Ethiopia,2025. Methods: cross sectional descriptive study was conducted among 288 participants at Agena primary Hospital from December 22,2025 to January 7,2025. systematic random sampling technique was used to selected the sampled subjects. All patients’ visit at Agena Primary Hospital in this period was included in study. Standardized and structured questionnaire via face to face interview technique was collected,edited,tailed on master sheet, coded and entered into statistical software SPSS version 25 and result was presented by appropriate table and graphs. Finally descriptive statistics was done and summarized accordingly. Odds ratio with 95% confidence intervals (CI) was compute to identify factors associated with health care serves.Variables that have P-value <0.25 in bi-variable logistic regression was entered into the multi-variable logistic regression and P-value<0.05 was considered as significant independent predictors of level of patients satisfaction on health care services. Result: In this study 288 participants were included with response rate of 98.6%. The overall satisfaction of patients was 68.3%. multiple logistic regression showed that availability of all drug in hospital (AOR 4.214,95%CI;1.06,16.802).and being farmer in occupational status (AOR 4.381,95%;1,02,18,847) were significantly associated with the level patient satisfaction towards health service provided. Conclusion and Recommendation :In general, the overall satisfaction level of patients with the health care services provided at Agena primary hospital, Gurage zone was 68.3%. Availability of drugs and supplies and occupation of participants were positive and significant predictors of level of patient satisfaction.To solve the problem of scarcity of drugs and supplies the hospital need to understand the extent of the problem and plan to look for different mechanisms to the adequate stock of essential drugs and supplies.
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    TETANUS TOXOID VACCINE UTILLIZATION AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN ATTENDING WOLKITE UNIVERSITY SPECIALIZED TEACHING HOSPITAL GURAGE CENTERAL ETHIOPIA 2024.
    (wolkite universty, 2025-06) . GETNET AYELE; DURESA HUSSEIN; HYDER NEGASH
    Background: Tetanus is a bacterial disease caused by the bacterium Clostridium tetani which is a highly fatal, non-communicable, and toxin-mediated disease. The main strategy to prevent the disease is immunization with protective dose of tetanus toxoid vaccine. But globally, maternal and neonatal tetanus is a public health problem due to low maternal tetanus toxoid vaccination. Ethiopia has highest neonatal mortality and morbidity related to tetanus in the world due to low tetanus toxoid immunization coverage. Despite several studies were conducted in Ethiopia on tetanus toxoid vaccination coverage, there is no well-known study done in the study area. Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess tetanus toxoid vaccine utilization and associated factors among pregnant women attending Wolkite University Specialized Hospital Gurage Central Ethiopia 2024GC. Methods: An institutional-based cross-sectional study design was conducted among 240 pregnant women visiting for antenatal care at Wolkite University Specialized Teaching Hospital. Study participant was selected using Systematic random sampling technique and the data was collected through an Interviewer-administered questionnaire. The collected data was entered into SPSS version 27 and analyze using the SPSS, bi-variable and multivariable logistic regression was computed. The p-value P < 0.05 was used to declare the final statistical significance. Result; The total tetanus vaccine intake (TT+2) doses were 77.7%.Mothers whose age ≥ 30 [(AOR 4.24 95%CI (1.04 - 17.25) ], Mothers who attended primary school [(AOR 4.55 ,95%CI (1.040- 19.89)], mothers whose husbands had diploma and above education [(AOR :6.63: 95% CI (1.02 - 43.35)], Advice on TT vaccine [AOR= 4 :95% CI:(1.22 -13.003],appropriate behavior of health workers [AOR= 7.6: 95% CI; (1.22 - 47.36)], good quality service [AOR: 4.62 95% CI (1.13 - 18.90)] and mother who have Good knowledge about TT vaccine and utilization [(AOR: 3.76, 95% CI: (1.276 - 11.06)] were significantly associated with TT vaccine utilization. Conclusion: In general, the utilization of protective doses of TT vaccination among participants in the area was low as compared to the WHO‘s recommendation for pregnant mothers 100% and the national figure. The most influencing factors in TT vaccine utilization were mother age, the mother and her husband‘s low educational level, advice about TT at ANC, the quality of service, IX the healthcare provider‘s behavior, and the mother‘s knowledge about TT vaccine and utilization.
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    ASSESMENT OF KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE, PRACTICE AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS OF VOLUNTARY BLOOD DONATION AMONG RESIDENTS OF EMDIBIR TOWN, CHEHA WOREDA GURAGE ZONE, CENTRAL ETHIOPIA 2024, A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY
    (wolkite universty, 2024-06) DANIEL TADESSE; EYOB TADESSE; FIRIHIWOT NURSEFA; GIRMA TADELE
    Abstract Background: Blood transfusion is one of the most essential needs to manage patients suffering from various medical,surgical and obstetric conditions. Understanding the level of knowledge, attitude, and practice of voluntary blood donation among residents of the town can help to identify gaps in their education,participation and level of awareness regarding the importance of donating blood. Objective: To assess knowledge, attitude, practice and associated factors towards voluntary blood donation among residents of Emdibir town. Methods: community based cross sectional study was conducted to assess knowledge, attitude, practice (KAP) and associated factors of residents of Emdibir town from December 17 to December 30 2024. 416 adults was selected using simple random sampling method. Data will be collected using interview method & the data was collected from residents of Emdibir town. The collected data will be analyzed using SPSS version 25. The association between blood donation knowledge, attitude, practice, and socio- demographic variables was tested using multivariate logistic regression,odds ratio and 95%CI. For descriptive statistics was computed and presented by using tables,graphs and figures. Result: A total of 416 respondents were included in the study. The study population comprised of 199(47.8%) males and 217(52.2%) females this study showed that 233(56%), 287 (69.1%), and 160 (38.5%) study participants had adequate knowledge, good attitude and experience of blood donation. Respondents who had Bsc.degree (AOR=5.498,95%CI:(1.417,21.337),secondary education,(AOR=1.240,95%CI:(0.673- 2.284))and government employees (AOR=4.228, 95% CI:(3.680,4.857))were knowledgeable. Those respondents who attended higher education and secondary were more likely (AOR=6.089, 95% CI:(1.319, 28.103) ,(AOR=4.346, 95% CI:(1.291,25.080) to have good attitude towards blood donation. Participants who are government employees (AOR=12.092, 95% CI: (1.641,108.46) and students ,(AOR= 2.450, 95% CI: (1.038,5.782)were more likely to donate blood. In addition to this,Bsc.degree holders(AOR=5.202, 95% CI: (1.744,184.489). Conclusion and recommendation: In general, the study showed that the proportion of adults who had adequate level of knowledge about blood donation and good attitude towards blood donation is high. However, the level practice was low blood donation practice (38.5%). To increase awareness and practice of voluntary blood donation an intervention should be under taken from all Government and Non government organization.
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    ASSESSMENT OF PATTERNS OF TRAUMA CASES VISITED IN HEALTH INSTITUTIONS EMERGENCY OPD IN AGENA TOWN, EZHA WOREDA, GURAGE ZONE, CENTERAL ETHIOPIA, 2024/25 G.C.
    (wolkite universty, 2025-05) DABALI HAILE; NIMONA NEGASA,; YETIMGETA ABOSET.
    Back ground Injuries and violence poses a major public health and developmental problem globally. Injuries are ranked among the leading cause of death and disability particularly in low income and middle income countries including our country, where they are growing insignificantly. Trauma is the most serious problem and increasing in an alarming rate from year to year, in developing countries including our country, Ethiopia. Moreover, in these, routine trauma information are seriously lacking. This study aimed to reveal the study area’s burden of different injuries and hoped to inform responsible body to adjust the emergency care to trauma victims so as to reduce immediate and long stand impact of the problem in Ethiopia. Objective This aim of this study was to assess Patterns of Trauma cases visited in health institutionemergency OPD in Agena Town, Ezha Woreda, Gurage Zone from December 23, 2024- January 6, 2025 G.C. Methods Health institutional based cross sectional study was conducted at emergency OPD from December 23/2024- January 6/2025 G.C and the data was collected using structured questionnaires by using Convenience Sampling technique due to small study unit to incorporate all eligible cases and face to face interview was used. 114 trauma cases, who consecutively came to EOPD during study period was assessed. All data which was collected was checked, edited, tail on master sheet, coded and entered into statistical software SPSS version 25 and result was presented by using tables and graphs. Result 114 patients were visited in health institution EOPD during the study period and data was collected from 111 patients. The commonest mechanism of injury was RTA, 39 (35.1%), followed by falling related injury and cut by sharp instruments, 28 (25.2%), 22 (19.8%) respectively. More males had more injuries (57.7%) when compared to female (42.3%). The study revealed that more trauma cases occurred in urban areas. More Traumas occurred unintentionally. Conclusion Injury has been recognized as one of the most life threatening public health problems worldwide. Injury is a public health problem that result in morbidity, disability and mortality. When compared with females males had higher proportion of trauma victims and those aged 15–49 years had more trauma. RTA followed by falling related injury and cut by sharp instruments was the leading cause of trauma. Trauma occurs in urban area than rural areas. Appropriate prevention strategies should be designed and implemented against trauma to prevent its impacts.
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    MATERNAL SATISFACATION AND ITS ASSOCIATED FACTORS ON POSTNATAL CARE SERVICE IN WOLKITE UNIVERSITY SPECIALIZED TEACHING HOSPITAL ,CENTRAL ETHIOPIA , ETHIOPIA,2024 GC.
    (wolkite universty, 2024-04) BINIAM GEZU; MOHAMED ABDULFETA; HAILU CHALA
    ABSTRACT Background; maternal satisfaction is considered as the desired outcome of the health care system and determines the use of subsequent health care services. There is a paucity of evidence on the level of maternal satisfaction in the study setting. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the levelofmaternal satisfaction and associated factors among women who gave birth in WKUSH in GurageZone,Cetral Ethiopia , Ethiopia, 2024. Objective: The main purpose of this study was to assess maternal satisfaction with postnatal health services and associated factors in WKUSH in Gurage Zone,Cetral Ethiopia , Ethiopia, 2024. Methods: Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted from December 24 2024 to January 6 2025. Data was collected by using semi-structured questionnaire interview from 317 mothers on postnatal care in WKUSH,OBGYN ward during study period by Systematic random sampling. Then the data was entered and analyzed using SPSS version 27 for further analysis and result was presented by appropriate table and graphs. Finally descriptive statistics was done and summarized accordingly. Odds ratio with 95% confidence intervals (CI) was compute to identify factors associated post natal care serves. Variables that have P-value <0.25 in bivariable logistic regression was entered into the multi-variable logistic regression and P-value<0.05 was considered as significant independent predictors of level of patients satisfaction on post natal care serves. Result:A total 317eligible mothers,98.42%participants gave complete responses in the study.The proportion of mothers who were satisfied with the postnatal health services in this study was74.% .multiple logistic regression showed that mothers who The economic status of delivering mothers whose monthly income was greater than 3500 ETB, was twenty one times more satisfied than those whose income was lower than 3500 ETB(AOR=20.7:95%CI: 6.51-65.5).
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    Causes and Effects of Project Delay of Ambo-Woliso Federal road Project.
    (wolkite universty, 2025-06) Atinafu Alemayew Abeto; Dinkineh Gemeda Ware; Fraol Urga Bedada; Gadisa Gelelcha Bedane; Geremew Negash Ayana; Tezera Guta Berecha
    The construction project is regarded successful when it is given over to the owner within the time, cost, and standards necessary while minimizing delays in public construction projects. Ambo-woliso road is one the public road project experiencing significant delays. This article evaluates the most prevalent delay issues encountered by Ethiopian government-funded construction projects, particularly those using Ambo-woliso road project, analyzes their impacts, and suggests a delay management system. The study applied qualitative as well as quantitative techniques to evaluate primary and secondary data. Per the entirety statistics, the top five most important and highly ranked factors are erroneous time estimates, force majeure, lowest bid, procurement policy, and volatile markets, as well as frequent design changes. Nearly every Ambo-woliso road project schedule overruns up to 300% of its contract duration. As a result, the government officials suffered from poor public relations and a high cost of supervision and contract administration. Conducting a thorough and accurate project feasibility study, awarding bids to experienced contractors, avoiding drawing discrepancies, preparing an accurate initial time and cost estimate, and strict schedule monitoring were discovered to be effective techniques for reducing delays in public construction projects.
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    FACTORS AFFECTING SUCCESS OF PUBLIC BUILDING CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS IN FITCHE TOWN AND ITS REMEDIAL MEASURES
    (wolkite universty, 2025-06) ADISU DASU; ALAMAYOHU NEGASA; GETACHOW BTOLCHA; . GETU EBISA; MESAY KEBEBE; WORKU KUMESA
    The problem of success in the construction industry is a global issue. Building construction project has been adopted by a wide range of organizations, industry, commerce and government to handle their many and varied undertakings. Generally, building construction projects involve many people with different skills and professions, big sum of money, limited time and resources, and unique activities to be carried out. The main objective of this study is to investigate the factor that affect success of public building construction projects and its remedial measures in Fitche Towns, Oromia,Ethiopia. This study adopted descriptive survey research and explanatory designs. The data were collected by using standard open-ended interviews and questionnaires by means of the purposive sampling method. The data were collected from primary and secondary sources. The data was analyzed using statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) software. The majority of the workers have a work experience more than 6 years and have acquired degree are. This study revealed that the project engineer and site engineer constitute the largest number. The response for involvement of customers throughout the project shows relatively agreement but needs improvement. The majority response showed the corporation lacks the required technology in road, building and water infrastructure projects. Generally, for the public building construction projects effectively and efficiently applying important strategy is a crucial one through considering the above mentioned variables. The conclusion is drawn that reducing of cost related factors and time related factors help projects to succeed. The researcher recommended that Contractors, consultants and clients should to put their efforts on the identified key factors in relation to their magnitudes of influence.
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    Study on Feasibility of Using Bagasse as a Cement Replacement Material.
    (wolkite universty, 2025-05) Abere Tura; Alemeshet Atnafu; Bereket Worku; Bushu Siyum; Daniel Asrat; Melaku Tadesse
    Sugarcane bagasse ash is a byproduct of the sugar factories found after burning sugarcane ba gasse which itself is found after the extraction of all economical sugar from sugarcane. The dis posal of this material is already causing environmental problems around the sugar factories. Due to the boost of the construction activity in the country, a huge shortage is created in most of the construction materials especially cement, resulting in steady increase of price. This research was therefore, conducted to examine the potential of bagasse ash as a cement replacing materi al. Initially, bagasse ash samples were collected from Wonji sugar factory. The bagasse ash was then ground until the particles passing the 63 µm reaches about 85%, which is similar to that of ordinary Portland cement. Ordinary Portland cement and Portland pozzolana cement were re placed by ground bagasse ash. Normal consistency and setting time of the pastes containing or dinary Portland cement and bagasse ash from 5% to 30% replacement were investigated. The compressive strength of mortars containing ordinary Portland cement and Portland pozzolana cement with bagasse ash from 5% to 30% replacements were also investigated. Six different concrete mixes with the bagasse ash replacing 0%, 5%,10%, 15%, 25% and 30% of the ordinary Portland cement were prepared for 30MPa concrete with water to cement ratio of 0.55 and 350kg/m3 cement content. The properties of these mixes have then been assessed both at the fresh and hardened state. The results of the mortar work have shown that, up to 10% replace ment of the ordinary Portland cement by bagasse ash achieved a higher compressive strength at all test ages i.e. 28 days, whereas the 15% replacement of the cement by bagasse ash in the con crete have shown a slightly lower compressive strength. It can therefore be concluded that 10% replacement of cement by bagasse ash results in a similar concrete properties and higher re placement could also be used with a slight reduction in the performance of the concrete.
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    Success Rate of Trial of Labor after Cesarean Delivery and Its Determinants at Wolkite University Specialized Teaching Hospital, Retrospective Study (2years)
    (wolkite universty, 2024-02) Abdulkadir Ahmed Hassen; Abraham Worku Hailu; Lidet Tamerat Yohannes; Meseret Fantahun Teka
    Background Cesarean section (C-section) is a surgical procedure performed when vaginal delivery poses a risk to the mother or child, either as a planned elective procedure or an emergency during labor. With rising global C-section rates, Trial of Labor after Cesarean (TOLAC) has become a key focus in obstetrics, offering women with a prior cesarean the possibility of a vaginal birth in subsequent pregnancies, having a success rate of 60–80%. The success of TOLAC depends on factors like previous vaginal delivery, spontaneous labor, maternal age, and favorable cervix, with careful selection of candidates crucial to ensuring positive outcomes. This research examines the predictors of TOLAC success and aims to contribute to better clinical decision making in managing pregnancies following a previous cesarean delivery. Objective Determine the success rate of TOLAC based on maternal and neonatal outcome and its determinant factors in WUSTH from the time period of November, 2022 to November 2024. Methods The study was a retrospective study on women with one previous scar who were admitted to maternity and labor ward, WKUSTH from the time period of November, 2022 to November 2024. Data was collected from patients’ charts after tracing by medial record number from registry of deliveries. The information was collected using a semi structured questionnaire by document review. Data was entered and analyzed using SPSS version 27 computer software packages. Result A successful Trial of Labor after Cesarean (TOLAC) was achieved in approximately two-thirds of women with one previous cesarean section (CS), resulting in a success rate of 61.2% (120 women). This success rate aligns with findings from other studies, where TOLAC success rates typically range from 60.0% to 80.0%. However, our success rate is slightly lower compared to a study conducted across three teaching hospitals in Ethiopia. Meanwhile, 38.8% (76 women) of the participants required an emergency repeat cesarean section (ERCS), with the majority of these cases attributed to non-reassuring fetal heart rate patterns (NRFHRP) (46.1%), and followed by failure to progress in labor (36.8%) and malpresentation (14.4%). The majority of mothers who attempted TOLAC had a prior vaginal delivery, were between the ages of 25 and 29, and had a previous cesarean section for non-recurring indications. These findings are consistent with global data, which suggest that successful TOLAC candidates typically have a history of vaginal delivery, are relatively younger, and have undergone a cesarean for reasons that are not likely to recur. Among the neonates delivered by mothers who underwent TOLAC, 93.9% (184 neonates) had an APGAR score of 7 or higher, while 6.1% (12 neonates) had an APGAR score of 6 or lower. Of these, 2.5% (5 neonates) experienced early neonatal death, with 3 deaths occurring in the ERCS group and 2 in the successful TOLAC group. Conclusion In conclusion, this study demonstrated a TOLAC success rate of 61.2%, consistent with the success rates reported in the literature, though slightly lower than findings from a multi-center study conducted in Ethiopia. Parity and previous CS indication were found to be significantly associate with success rate of TOLAC. The primary indications for emergency repeat cesarean sections were non-reassuring fetal heart rate patterns and failure to progress in labor. Neonatal outcomes were favorable, with the majority of neonates achieving an APGAR score of 7 or higher, although early neonatal mortality was observed in both the TOLAC and ERCS groups.
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    MAGNITUDE, CIRCUMSTANCE AND TREATMENT OUTCOMES OF ACUTE POISONING CASES PRESENTED TO WUSTH, 2024: A RETROSPECTIVE FOLLOW UP STUDY.
    (wolkite universty, 2024-02) DR. BIRUK DEGAGA; DR. TEBIKEW FENTIE; DR. ZELALEM BIRARA; DR: MESAY YOHANNES
    Background: Acute poisoning is a common reason for visiting emergency department worldwide. However, little is known about this issue in most part of Ethiopia. This study was carried out to determine the magnitude, circumstance, and treatment outcome of acute poisoning at the ED of WUSTH. Objective: To assess magnitude, circumstance, treatment outcomes and associated factors in patients presenting with acute poisoning to WUSTH. Methods: A retrospective follow up study was conducted on magnitude, circumstance, treatment outcome and associated factors in patients presenting with acute poisoning to WUSTH from SEP 1, 2022-Oct 30, 2024. The study population consist of all patients seen at MEOPD and/or admitted with cases of acute poisoning during the study period. Data was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. The estimated sample size was 128. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select patient records. Data was collected from patients’ records and analysed using SPSS version 27.0; the result presented using tables. Descriptive statistics was conducted using frequency distributions along with multivariate logistic regression statistical model (with CI= 95% and P< 0.05). Results: The study included 116 acute poisoning cases of which 59.5% were females and 40.5% were males. 53.4% were single and 46.6% were married. Organophosphate poisoning accounted 50.9%, metallic phosphide 25%, 96.6% of cases were intentional. Social conflicts, psychiatric illnesses and substance abuse were reported as underlying comorbid condition accounting for 57.8%, 34.5% and 3.4% respectively. Clinical presentation of patients and type of poisoning had significant association (p<0.05) with treatment outcome of poisoning where those who presented with epigastric pain were shown to have a 99.5% less mortality than those who presented with altered mentation (AOR=0.005(0.00025-0.097), 95% CI, P<0.001) and those who presented with vomiting/diarrhoea had 81% less mortality than those who had altered mentation up on presentation (AOR=0.19(0.001-0.27), 95% CI, P=0.003), and those patients poisoned by