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Item GROWTH AND BULB YIELD OF ONION (Allium cepa Var. cepa) VARIETIES IN RESPONSE TO NPSB FERTILIZER AT CHEHA DISTRICT, GURAGE ZONE(wolkite universty, 2023-05) TESHOME DENBU BIZUNEHOnion (Allium cepa L.) is one of the most important vegetable crops commercially grown in the world. It is a high value and income generating vegetable crops for most small scale farmers and commercial growers in Ethiopia. However, the productivity of onion is low at national as well as regional levels; due to various limiting factors such as lack of improved varieties and low soil fertility. Accordingly, a field experiment was conducted to evaluate growth and yield response of onion varieties to NPSB fertilizer rates at Cheha district, Guraghe zone during 2022 cropping season. The experiment was consisted of four onion varieties (Bombay Red, Nafid, Nafis and Nasik Red) and four levels of NPSB fertilizer (0, 195, 244 and 293 kg ha-1) combined factoriallly and laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Yield and yield related parameters were recorded and subjected to analysis of variance. The analysis of variance for agronomic parameters showed that the main effects; variety and application of NPSB blended fertilizer rate were significant for almost all traits. Similarly all yield and yield related traits were significantly influenced by the interaction of varieties and NPSB fertilizer rate except plant height. The highest values for most of the response variables were recorded from variety Nafis combined with NPSB at rate of 293 kg ha-1.The partial budget analysis revealed that the highest net benefit 414255(ETB ha-1) with acceptable MRR was obtained from the variety Nafis combined with application of 244 kg ha-1 of NPSB fertilizer. Hence, the use of Nafis onion variety and application of 244 kgha-1 NPSB fertilizer rate was economically feasible and can be recommended for optimum production of onion in the study area and other areas having similar agro-ecology. However, as the experiment was done for only one season and single location, it has to be repeated over seasons and locations to have conclusive recommendation.Item CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS OF THE SUCCESS OF EMPLOYMENT CREATED YOUTH IN CASE OF YEM SPECIAL WOREDA(wolkite universty, 2022-04) GETACHEW WOLDIE RASSAThe challenge of managing the success of the rural and urban youth employment creation is now a time becoming complex and difficult. So, all stakeholders have to find a solution to these challenges. If the challenge is solved success is obvious to us. Youths were considered an important human resource of the nation and every state should try to utilize them as mediators of economic growth and development. Rural-urban Youth’s employment creation helps to ensure food security and the wellbeing of nations. The purpose of the study was an assessment of the challenges and prospects of the success of employment created youth in the case of Yem special Woreda. Standing from this objective, the study attempted to answer the basic questions of what were the major challenges of managing the success of the employment created youth in the case of Yem special Woreda. The study was conducted using a descriptive study design. Both quantitative and qualitative data collection methods engage. Quantitative data was collected from 319 beneficiary youth organized under this job opportunity creation program and qualitative data were collected by interviews with 20 respondents which of the expert of the enterprise development office, Woreda leaders, and managers in sample Kebeles. Data was collected then edited, coded, and entered into SPSS computer software. The analysis was done using descriptive statistics tools (like frequency tables, and percentages), and data were presented by using tables and summarizing. The major findings were: most of the respondents’ gender was male those are the age category of 20 39 years and most of them are married with less than a high school education background. Rural-Urban youth job creation opportunity program was challenged by Limited knowledge and skill in operators, Inadequate Stakeholder integration, Lack of monitoring and evaluation practice to implement youth package, Insufficient credit services for youth, and Lack of local community support. In addition, the study investigated and described the prospect of rural-urban youth employment creation. This was a long and short-term plan in the Yem special woreda enterprise development office. And also finding of the study were the major Strategies to improve rural-urban youth employment creation. Thus government should be strongly introduced youth policies, highly monitor and evaluate the implementation of youth development packages, good education, and training that focus to improve rural-urban youth employment creation and improving credit service to improve rural-urban youth economic empowerment. Finally, the researcher recommended that participation and coordination of all government bodies, supporters, and stakeholders were very important in supporting empowering rural-urban youth economically.Item RESPONSE OF CHICKPEA (Cicer arietinum L.) TO VARIETIES, INOCULATION WITH MESORHIZOBIUM STRAINS, AND APPLICATION OF BLENDED NPSB FERTILIZER AT CHEHA DISTRICT, GURAGE ZONE, SOUTHERN ETHIOPIA(wolkite universty, 2023-06) GASHAW NAHUSENAY GEBRE-EGZIABHERChickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is a major legume crop in Ethiopia and provide multiple benefits, due to high nutritive value as well as the ability of the crop to enrich nitrogen poor soils due to biological nitrogen fixation with different strains of endosymbiotic Mesorhizobium spp. However, the effectiveness of the strains varies due to inherent physiological characteristics of the endo-symbionts, the host varieties, and nutrient availability in the soil. Its’ cultivation in the study area is constrained mainly by low soil fertility (low N, low soil OM, low available P, S and B) causing ineffective nodulation, and lack of improved agronomic practices. Therefore, the field experiment was conducted during the main cropping season of 2021/22 at Cheha district in Buchach Kebele with the objective of evaluating the effect of inoculation with Mesorhizobium strains and NPSB fertilizer application on nodulation, growth, and yield performance of different chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) varieties. Factorial combinations of three Mesorhizobium strains CP-M41, CP-EAL 029, CP-M20b, and un-inoculated control, two NPSB levels (0 and 121 kg NPSB ha-1) and two chickpea varieties (Local and Arerti) were laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Analysis of variance showed that crop phenology, nodulation parameters, growth parameters, yield and yield components were significantly affected by the main effects. The effect was more pronounced in the interaction effect of different Mesorhizobium strains with NPSB application and varieties. The maximum values of most studied parameters were found from Arerti variety at the combined application of CP-M41 Mesorhizobium strain with NPSB fertilizer (121 kg ha-1) as compared with the single application and the control. The highest grain yield (3177.16 kg ha-1) was recorded from the use of Arerti variety at the combined application of NPSB fertilizer with CP-M41 Mesorhizobium strain, which resulted in 15.96%, 24.06% and 37.93% increment over the use of Arerti x CP-M41 strain, Arerti x NPSB, and the control, respectively. From the economic point of view, the partial budget analysis of the study treatments revealed that the highest net return (102,092.6 ETB ha-1) with an acceptable marginal rate of return (618%) was gained from Arerti variety with the combined application of 121 kg NPSB ha-1 and Mesorhizobium strain CP-M41 inoculation. Hence, it can be concluded that the use of Arerti variety with combined application of 121 kg NPSB ha-1 with CP-M41 strain is found to be an appropriate combination to get higher yield and profit of chickpea crop at the study area. However, verification of the result on farmers’ fields across season and areas could be required before wide use of this study to put the recommendation in firm ground.Item BEST PROXIMITY POINT RESULTS FOR SUZUKI TYPE GENERALIZED( )-WEAK PROXIMAL CONTRACTION MAPPINGS IN METRIC SPACE(wolkite universty, 2021-12) AWOL MOHAMMEDIn this project, I introduce a new Suzuki type generalized ( )-weak proximal con traction mappings in metric space and prove the existence of the best proximity point for such mappings in a complete metric space. I provide examples to illustrate the result.My result extends some of the results in the literatureItem THE EFFECT OF TALENT MANAGEMENT ON ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE; THE CASE OF SELECTED PUBLIC SECTORS IN SILTIE ZONE, SNNPS, ETHIOPIA(wolkite universty, 2022-09) AHMEDIN KEMAL AMDATalent management is rapidly gaining focus in organizations around the world. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of Talent management practice on organizational performance. The nature of this study was Quantitative research approach with explanatory research design. Cross sectional data was collected using A standardized five-point Likert scale questionnaire. The population of this study was employees working in selected public sectors, in Silte Zone, SNNPR, Ethiopia. Out of 357 respondents, workable data were obtained from 273 respondents using proportional, purposive, and Random sampling techniques. The Pearson correlation, Simple and multiple linear regression as well as Independent T-Test and One-Way ANOVA were used. The data was analyzed using statistical package for social science (SPSS) version 23. The Pearson correlation analysis result (P< 0.01 level 2- tailed), clearly shows that there is a positively Strong and moderate level correlation between Six TM practices and organizational performance. Moreover, the regression analysis result shows that All of TM practices Except Performance Management, and Reward and Recognition, have a statistically significant effect on organizational performance. The Independent Sample T- Test, and One-way ANOVA Test result shows that there is no Statistically significant mean difference between the sample population of the study area. Based on the results, the study recommended the need to place more focus and effort on the realization and application of effective talent management practices to overcome the difficulties of implementing talent management and Increase organizational performance. Managers are advised to emphasize on applying the Talent management Strategy so that they can connect Talent management strategy with the organizational strategy.Item THE PRACTICE AND CHALLENGES OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP COURSE PROVISION IN SELECTED TECHNICAL AND VOCATIONAL EDUCATION AND TRAINING (TVET) COLLEGES IN GURAHGE ZONE(WOLKITE UNIVERSITY, 2019-07) Amare MelkamuThe purpose of this study was to examine the practice and challenges of entrepreneurship course provision in TVET colleges in Guraghe Zone as perceived by trainers and trainees of four sampled TVET colleges. To that end, the views and perceptions of trainers and trainees were sought. The study employed a concurrent embedded mixed research method. Both quantitative and qualitative data were gathered. Quantitative data were gathered from two sets of survey questionnaires (N=357) administered to trainers and trainees of the sampled colleges. Qualitative data were generated largely from five college Deans. While the quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical methods, the qualitative data wasanalyzed using thematic analysis. Attempts were made to examine the convergence and divergence of findings obtained from the quantitative and the qualitative data. The findings overlap in almost all areas of concern of the present study. The findings obtained from quantitative and qualitative data portrayed an encouraging but inadequate and ineffective state of implementation of entrepreneurship education in the colleges. Findings from survey dataindicatedthe training of entrepreneurship had shown positive impact on trainees (M=3.41) in motivating them to think of self-employment as a career option. The intention to engage in selfemployment/entrepreneurship among trainees was found significant. However, the findings show that the trainers were not trained in entrepreneurship, trainees lack interest to attend the trainings, the time allocated for the program was inadequate, the method of teaching the program was lecture dominated, there was lack of facilities, and mostly the training programs offered were found to be theoretical. Therefore it was inferred that the training program was inadequate and ineffective to create capable and confident entrepreneurs. Finally, the study recommended the importance of enhancing the awareness of the trainees about the importance of the program, additional trainings for the trainers, equipping the colleges with relevant facilities, allocation of adequate time frame for delivery of the program and the need to diversify practical methods of teaching the program. Moreover, it was recommended that training should be given to entrepreneurship instructors for the effective delivery of the training in TVET programs..Item THE EFFECT OF PERCEIVED ORGANIZATIONAL JUSTICE ON EMPLOYEES TURNOVER INTENTION THE CASEOF SELECTED FINANCE & ECONOMY DEVELOPMENTOFFICES AT GURAGE ZONE(2019-06) Ajamo MohammedThis study has main purpose of survey the effect of perceived organizational justice on employee’s turnover intention in Gurage Zone Finance and Economic Development Offices. The researcher has used proportionate stratified random sampling based on the size of statistical community, 114 administrative and main work process employees were participated in the study. The study had a Descriptive and Inferential research design. their intention to leave their organization is high (3.97). The result of mean of perceived organizational justice and turnover intention showed that employee’s level of turnover intention is high. This is because employees are not satisfied with the organizations outcome that they receive, with the procedures by which they should be governed and with interpersonal treatment as well as the quality of information that they expect about the outcomes. In the research model R Square value is .476 which imply that the model (independent variables) can explain 47.6% of the variance in dependent variable. The results of linear regression showed that distributive injustice was the stronger predictor of turnover intention. Based on findings, the researcher recommended the management of FED to take actions that rise justice perception and decrease turnover intentionsItem EFFECT OF PLANTING DATES ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF MAIZE (Zea mays L.) VARIETIES AT EZHA DISTRICT, GURAGE ZONE, CENTRAL ETHIOPIA(WOLKITE UNIVERSITY, 2024-05) DINO NASIR MOHAMEDPlanting dates is a critical factor in maize production decision-making, with implications for crop management, variety selection, and adaptation to changing environmental conditions. Afield experiment was conducted to study the effect of planting date on growth and yield of maize varieties. The experiment was conducted in Ezha district during the 2023 main cropping season. The treatments consisted of factorial combinations of four maize varieties (BH540, BH661, Shone, and Limu) and four planting dates (9-April, 19-April, 29-April, and 9-May) laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD)with three replications. The experiment's findings demonstrated that planting dates and varieties had a significant impact on most parameters examined. However, varieties had no effect on the number of days to anthesis and silking. The statistical analysis result revealed that, Limu variety interacted with the planting date of 9-April, resulted, the longest days to anthesis silking interval (11.67), the largest number of ears per plant (1.40), the highest thousand kernel weight (410), the highest above-ground dry biomass (13.93 kg ha-1), and the highest grain yield (6.71 t ha-1) of maize. Similarly, the planting date 9-May interacted with the same variety, resulted the longest days to anthesis silking interval (11.67). The variety Limu resulted in the highest days to maturity (170), ear length (16.63 cm), ear diameter (16.08 cm), and harvest index (43.92). Similarly, Variety BH661 resulted in the highest ear height (101.45), longest days to emergence (9.08 days), longest days to anthesis (95.58 days), and longest days to silking (103.17); beside, the highest plant height (238.97cm), and the highest number of rows per ear (16.40) recorded from variety shone. Conversely, the planting date of 9-April yielded the longest days to maturity (161.75), the highest number of kernels per row (35.56 cm), the highest ear height (84.93 cm), the longest ear length (17.61 cm), the longest ear diameter (17.74 cm), and the highest harvest index (42.05%). Likewise, the planting date of 9-May recorded the longest day to emergence (9.5), the longest day to anthesis (98.67), and the longest days to silking (107.83). Thus, based on the result, early planting on April 9 resulted in the highest grain yield (6.7 t ha-1) from the Limu variety, whereas the lowest grain yield (1.65 t ha-1) was recorded from the BH540 late planted on May 9. Therefore, variety Limu with early planting date (April 9) was recommended for maize production in the study area. However, the experiment was done only at one location and one season; therefore, it would have to be replicated across locations and seasons to get the best conclusive result and a sound full recommendation for a specific area in order to assure the findings of the current study.Item SENIOR ESSAY SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF ART IN MARKETING MANAGEMENT(2023-05) ELYAS GELAWMarketing strategies constitute one of the key functional strategies that Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) adopt to enhance performance. This study is aimed to examine the effect of marketing strategy on SMEs performance in Wolkite town. By taking the research objectives and questions into considerations, only quantitative research approach and both descriptive research design were used. The study was delimited to proportionate stratified and purposive sampling techniques. The findings of descriptive statistics have shown that the mean score of marketing strategy variables i.e. STP, product, price, promotion, place, customer orientation, and relationship marketing inclined to agreement. Relatively relationship marketing had a higher strong relationship with performance. Likewise, the empirical findings of the multiple regression indicated that, only six of the predictor variables STP, Product, Promotion, Place, Customer Orientation, and Relationship Marketing have a positive and significant effect on the Performance of SMEs but, price is not.Item CAUSES AND IMPACTS OF NON PERFORMING LOANS ON THE OPERATIONS OF MICRO FINANCE INSTITUTIONS: A CASE OF SPECIALIZED FINANCIAL AND PROMOTIONAL INSTITUTION(WOLKITE UNIVERSITY, 2020-07) ABERA ABOMSA GUTAThe study was conducted to examine both the Causes and impacts of nonperforming loans on the operations of MFIs particularly focusing on Specialized Financial and Promotional Institution. Loan portfolio is the major assets of any financial institution to sustain in the industry, but once some portion of this asset is unexpectedly stop producing interest incomes, the quality of loan portfolio also negatively affected. This research study adopted descriptive and explanatory research design on the causes of nonperforming loans of Specialized Financialand Promotional Institution, and data has been collected mainly through primary source using questionnaire from SFPI staffs. A case study approach was also used to collect secondary data by reviewing the annual reports and income statement to identify the extents of NPLs impacts on the operation activities of SFPI. So, 65 staffs were taken as samples based on stratified random sampling method of sample selection by using mathematical formula. For data analysis, descriptive statistics including mean, frequency, percentages, graph, pie chart and simple excel were used. Regression analysis used through SPSS software version 20. This research study found out the major causes of NPLs which significantly affecting the portfolio quality of the institution. Therefore, At 5% level of significance and 95% level of confidence, inadequate monitoring and follow up, wrong timing of credit delivery, inefficient management information system, ineffective credit approval, and credit appraisal variables were causing nonperforming loans ofSFPI. The study also found out that nonperforming loans contribute mostly to interest incomes that generated from the total loan portfolio was eaten for the provision of bad dept in five years analysis. Also the study indicates a net operating profit of the institution was eroded due to provisioning payments for nonperforming loans (bad debts) and available funds for loans are significantly declined as nonperforming loans increase. Further study revealed that agricultural loan sector, petty trade loan sector and WEDP loan sector has the highest share of NPLs and followed by others sectors such as, micro energy loan sector, individual loan sector and service sector. To mitigate the problems of nonperforming loans some strategic issues and mechanisms were recommended to the management of SFPI. These measures are appropriate credit approval, adequate monitoring and follow up before and after loans granted to the customers, Continuous branch supervision to ensure timely credit delivery, credit diversification strategies, implement effective and efficient Management information systems and mechanisms to control the health of loan portfolio.