Bachelor of Art

URI for this collectionhttps://rps.wku.edu.et/handle/987654321/113

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    THE IMPACT OF URBAN EXPANSION ON THE SURROUNDING FARMING HOUSEHOLD LIVELIHOOD IN THE CASE OF WOLKITE TOWN, GURAGE ZONE, CENTERAL ETHIOPIA REGION.
    (wolkite universty, 2024-08) BIRTUKAN MENGESHA; YALEWU ADINO
    This research was conducted to analysis the impact of urban expansion on thesurroundingfarminghousehold livelihood. The study focused on mainly impact of urbanization on farmer’s farm land, grazing land and livestock reduction in the society.To achieve this objective the data wascollected from primary and secondary source. From the total 1200 total households the researcherselected 40 respondent. Purposive sample technique was used to select the respondents and both qualitative and quantitative methods were used to analysis the data. The finding also indicates that the horizontal expansion of wolkite town has impact on the surrounding household livelihood activities this cause of wolkite town expansion through investment. Due to this the agricultural land is changed to urban area. Depending on the result of this study the researcher would recommend to decrease the impact and improve the livelihood of the society by giving fair and effective compensation for the farmer who lost their land, facilitating vertical growth of the town rather than horizontal growth and reducing of rural urban migration.
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    IMPACTS OF SOIL EROSION ON AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY AND FARMERS LIVELIHOOD
    (wolkite universty, 2024-08) ABREHAM SEWAGEGN; WUBISHET BIRUK
    Soil erosion is a worldwide challenge for sustainability of agriculture especially in the tropical region of Ethiopia is one of the poorest countries in the world and most of its population lives in the high land area endowed plenty of resources the most severe soil erosion is observed in the eastern high part of the country Soil fertility declines is mainly caused by intensification of agriculture on already fragile land this process steeply dapples nutrients and extremely soil fertility loss through erosion can be precursor to desertification. The rates of soil erosion that exceed the generation of new top soil are a dynamic process which leads to decline in the soil productivity, low agricultural yield and income. The balance between soil-forming and depleting processes is of utmost importance for attaining long-term sustainability in any production system. Land degradation in the form of soil erosion is a major impact in the high land regions of Sire around Eastern zones Sire particularly Lode Benben Keble. To achieve this objective the necessary data’s been collected from secondary and primary source. The primary data’s were obtained from questioners, interview, field observation and focus group discussion, and analyzed in qualitative and quantitative method. Field survey was conducted to collect the necessary data from 66 respondents which were selected by purposively probable sampling techniques.
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    ASSESSING IMPACTS OF WASTE MANAGEMENT: THE CASE OF ANGECHA TOWN, KAMBATA ZONE, CENTRAL ETHIOPIA
    (wolkite universty, 2024-08) HENOK SHITAYE; MILKIYAS BIRHANU
    Waste management is a critical issue globally, especially in developing countries like Ethiopia. Angecha town faces significant challenges in household waste management, impacting public health and the environment. A study was conducted to assess the current situation and raise awareness within the community. The research aimed to evaluate the existing municipal waste management services in Angecha town, Analyze the composition of household waste, Assess the spatial coverage of waste management services and Examine institutional arrangements and capacities. Primary data was collected through questionnaires, interviews, and field observations, supplemented by secondary sources. Both qualitative and quantitative methods were employed for analysis. Findings indicate that Angecha town's waste management heavily relies on the municipality, yet services lag behind waste generation. Biodegradable waste from households dominates the waste stream. Key challengesinclude Poor institutional structure and capacity within the sanitation department, Limited stakeholder participation, including communities, NGOs, and the private sector, Inadequate household waste management practices, such as improper storage, low separation, and illegal disposal. To address these challenges, recommendations include implementing sustainable waste management practices through awareness campaigns and training, enhancing institutional capacity, and adopting an integrated approach involving all stakeholders.
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    CHALLENGES OF URBAN LAND DELIVERY ON DEVELOPMENT IN BANSA DAYE TOWN, EAST SIDAMA ZONE, SIDAMA REGION ETHIOPIA
    (wolkite universty, 2024-08) TOMAS TONE; WONDYE ASALF
    Land is the solid surface of the earth that is not permanently covered by water. Land is everything for human beings, having direct and indirect impacts. The study was conducted in Bansa Daye town, Sidama, Ethiopia, to assess the challenges of urban land delivery on development. In this study, a mixed research design was employed because both qualitative and quantitative methods were used. To achieve the objective of the study, the researchers followed a mixed-methods research approach. Both quantitative and qualitative research can support each other towards a better understanding of the issue under study. The primary data source was obtained through a questionnaire, an interview, and observation. Secondary data sources were obtained from reading materials, different books, and municipal offices. This study used descriptive research method using both primary and secondary data where probability and nonprobability sampling were used. For the study, 72 respondents were selected proportionally from 3965 households. Within the chosen kebeles, researchers identified four specific groups to collect data from: mayors (17 respondents), municipality officials (18 respondents), elders (12 respondents), and urban dwellers (25 respondents). This purposive sampling technique ensured data collection from a diverse range of individuals within the sampled kebeles. So the study was collected by employing interview guidelines, a questionnaire, and observation as data gathering tools. The data was analyzed through a mixed-data analysis method. Therefore, the qualitative data was analyzed and the narrative analysis method, and the quantitative data was analyzed throughdescriptive statistics like percentage and frequency. The findings of the study by the researcher were: poor land delivery on development policy, poor land compensation, poor master plan, misuse of land, loss of prime land to urban sprawl, lack of commitment by local government to deliver urban land properly, especially the municipality. Even though urban land delivery on development had positive impacts, it also had negative impacts, such as economic, social, and environmental impacts. The researcher finally recommended a possible solution for concerned bodies to further improve the condition of urban land delivery on development of the study area.
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    ASSESSEMENT OF THE CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS OF DRINKING WATER SUPPLY IN CASE OF WOLKITE TOWN, GURAGE ZONE, AND CENTRAL ETHIOPIA.
    (wolkite universty, 2024-08) Eshetu Kindie; Temesgen Belete
    Ethiopia has enormous water potential but still faces a range of challenges in drinking water supply. People in the study area are still without access to improved water sources, and even more are without access to consistently safe drinking water. In order to address the problem of drinking water various efforts were carried out by the involvement of different stakeholders. Therefore, The main objective of this study was to assess the challenge and prospect of drinking water supply in Wolkite town, Central Ethiopia. To realize this objective, both primary and secondary data were produced by utilizing qualitative and quantitative data. A total of 51 households were selected from three villages by using systematic random sampling. To gather the required information from selected respondents, questionnaire, key informant’s interviews, and focus group discussion were conducted. Descriptive survey statistics such as frequency and percentage was used to analyze quantitative data. The qualitative data obtained from interviews and FGD was analyzed by describing and interpreting the deeply the situation of challenges of drinking water supply. The major finding of the study indicate that the major causes of the water scarcity in the area was due to limited or few pipeline that caused by fast expansion of the town, which the few old existing pipelines cannot support. The survey result indicate that slow down progress in all domestic and commercial activities and exposed to water born disease due to drinking of unsafe water from open wells were major impact of shortage of drinking water in the study area
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    ASSESSING AGRICULTURAL LAND SIZE FRAGMENTATION AND IT’S ECONOMIC EFFECTS: IN THE CASE OF EZHA WOREDA IN GURAGE ZONE, CENTERAL ETHIOPIA.
    (wolkite universty, 2024-08) THOMAS KEBEDE; FITSUM TAMIRAT.
    The research title is focuses on the assessing Agricultural land size fragmentation and its socio economic effect the case of Ezha woreda Gurage Zone Central Ethiopia. Land fragmentation was a single farm consists of a large number of separated land plots in common agricultural phenomenon in many countries. To addressing of this, issue the study objective were to identify the main cause of agricultural land size fragmentation and its socio economic effect on agricultural land. To achieve this objective, the necessary data were collected from both primary and secondary data source. The samples were selected through a simple random sampling and respondent’s interviewee. The total sampling size was 43 respondents. The given data were analyzed using qualitative and quantitative method. The present land holding or plots of land of farmers were located in difference places. The finding indicates, majority of the farmers have less than 1-hectare land in the study area. The major causes of agricultural land size fragmentation in the study area were population growth, land distribution and redistribution, increase number of farmers. The possible solution for agricultural land size fragmentation and its socio economic effect in Ezha woreda is controlling the population and creating job opportunity other than agriculture.
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    Assessment of Soil Conservation Practices and Challenges The Case of Bokoji Nageso Kebele,in Limu Bilbilo Woreda of Arsi Zone,Oromia Region ,Ethiopia
    (wolkite universty, 2024-08) Lalisa Chala; Juhar Mokenen
    This study was conducted in Bokoji Nageso kebele in Limu Bilbilo woreda,Arsi Zone,Oromia,Ethiophia with the objective of identifying challenges that influence soil conservation practices and management on it. For in the study ninenty-one(91) respondents were selected from a total of 802 households sampled using simple random sampling. The information was obtained from both primary and secondary data sources. The primary data source was obtained through a questionnaire, an interview, and observation. While secondary data sources were obtained from reading materials, different books, and municipal offices. Both quantitative and qualitative methodologies were used to obtain realizable information.the result show that soil conservation practices and challenges influences the level of investment in soil conservation and the number of years of the household has spent farming as living the household labor. The elements that challenges soil conservation practices,ownership of land, and farmers on soil erosion are significantly related to improveing conservation practices to protect their soil from loss by using traditional and improved soil conservation practices.The researchers findings provide valuable insights for policymakers, extension workers, and other stakeholders to develop targeted strategies and interventions to promote soil conservation practices and management in the study area. Finally researchers tried to assess some problems with the soil conservation practices and challenges in the study area based on the respondents and some recommendations for the problem.
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    Challenge and Opportunities of Watershed Management Practice in Kochere Woreda Gedeo Zone, Southern Ethiopia Region, Ethiopia
    (wolkite universty, 2024-08) PETROS BECHO; TAMIRAT SHEGINU
    This research study investigated the challenges and opportunities of watershed management practices in Kochere Woreda, Gedeo Zone, Southern Ethiopia Region. The research aims to provide valuable insights into the complexities surrounding watershed management in the region, highlighting both the obstacles faced and the potential avenues for sustainable water resource management practices in Kochere woreda. In this study, primary and secondary data were used. Primary data were obtained or gathered through personal observation; secondary data were obtained from different written materials,published and unpublished sources, and different books. The total number of households in the kebele was 1228. This sample size was determined by 7% of the total study, which is 1228 households. This was done using simple random sampling techniques to give equal chances to all respondents to be selected and minimize biases by every 92 respondents. The data was collected using a questionnaire from sampled households and personal observation. The collected data was analyzed qualitatively by using statements and quantitatively by tables, frequencies, and percentages, presented, and interpreted. Identifies and analyzes the primary challenges hindering effective watershed management in Kochere Woreda, such as deforestation, soil erosion, water pollution, a lack of community participation, and inadequate infrastructure. The challenge of watershed management has its own impacts on the environment. It leads to poverty, food insecurity, and social conflict. The negative socio-economic consequences of unsustainable resource use are significant. According to the respondents, there are watershed management practices in the study area, and they practiced physical methods of watershed management. However, farmers and most stakeholders were not aware of the major constraints for increasing effective watershed management practices, specifically in terms of economic, social, technological, technical, physical, natural, and environmental aspects. While practicing watershed management measures, the community was hindered by a lack of management equipment, a lack of incentives, a lack of advanced technology, and a lack of awareness. As recommended by the researcher, awareness, provision of equipment's provision, and incentives by governments were strategies forwarded by the researcher to minimize the problem in the study area.
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    ASSESSMENT OF LOCAL COMMUNITY PARTICPATION IN URBAN ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS: IN THE CASE OF WOLKITE TOWN GURAGE ZONE, CENTRAL ETHIOPIA.
    (wolkite universty, 2024-08) DESTAW ADISU; TESFAYE KEBEDE
    The study aimed at analyzing local community participation in urban road infrastructure development projects. To this end, the study employed mixed approach. The study was conducted in Wolkite town Gurage Zone Centeral Ethiopia assessment on local community participation urban road infrastructure development.The information obtained from both primary and secondary data sources. The primary data source was obtained through questionnaire, interview, and observation. While secondary data sources obtained from reading materials, from different books and municipal office. For the study 99 respondents were selected simple random sampling from 6872 households so the study was collected by employing interview guide line, questionnaire and observation were used as data gathering tools. Findings reveal that community participation is implemented in the town to fill the financial gaps of projects. The Participation in policy formulation, planning, implementation, maintenance and operation, and evaluation are not evident; and thus, obstacle for substantive community participation. The researcher finally, recommended the possible solution for concerned bodies to further improve the condition of local community participation in urban road infrastructure development of study area.
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    L CONSERVATION TECHNIQUES IN ENHANCING FOOD SECURITY;THE CASE OF AWADA KEBELE DALE WOREDA SIDAMA REGION-ETHIOPIA
    (wolkite universty, 2024-08) AYNALEM SEYOUM; MUSE BEKELE
    Land degradation was a significant global issue during the 20th century and remains of high importance in the 21st century as it affects the environment, agronomic productivity, food security, and quality of life. About 99.7% of food is produced from the soil; thus, food security depends directly on soil productivity.Accelerated soil erosion is among the principal causes of the decrease in soil productivity and the increase in risks of global food insecurity.This study aimed to analyze the role of soil conservation practices in household food security in Awada Kebele, Dale Woreda-Sidama Region, Ethiopia. A research methodology, a cross-sectional and descriptive survey involving a qualitative and quantitative approach, was used by the researchers. Using the simple random sampling technique employed for this study,85 respondents were selected as the sample size. The primary data were obtained through a questionnaire, personal observation, a focus discussion group,and an interview. Secondary sources of data were collected from different published as well as unpublished documents, the internet, and reports available in the study area. The quantitative data were presented through the use of percentages, frequencies, tabulations, distributions, figures, and simple descriptive methods, and the qualitative data were interpreted using different words in order to achieve the end objectives of the study and answer the formulated research questions. The study confirmed that the predominant activities commonly identified as contributing to land resource degradation through anthropogenic and topographic factors. Even though soil conservation has many challenges, including the severity of soil erosion due to climatic factors, a lack of management skills and technical support, the steep topography of the land, and the lack of capital for practicing SCT, this study finally recommends that soil conservation is a multidimensional impact worthy of consideration to be incorporated into policy interventions by NGOs or government-designed projects. Development agents of the woreda or other project officers should give maximum attention to the dissemination of information about soil conservation technology to combat food insecurity.