Masters of Art

URI for this collectionhttps://rps.wku.edu.et/handle/987654321/8

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    THE PRACTICE AND CHALLENGES OF FISCAL DECENTRALIZATION, A CASE STUDY OF GUBERE SUB CITY IN WOLKITE CITY ADMINISTRATION.
    (wolkite universty, 2022-09) FELEKE ABATE GRAGN
    Fiscal decentralization is look as part of a reform agenda in developing countries to Empowered regional and local governments. It is believed that it betterments the efficiency of public service Delivery through preference deserting and allocation efficiency. According to this idea, this study was conducted to assess the practice and challenges of gubere sub city fiscal decentralization in wolkite City administration. In doing this study, mixed method research design was followed. Subjects of the study were householders and government officials working in gubere sub-city of wolkite city administration. In the study, multi-stage sampling technique was used to select representative respondents. To this effect, one hundred ninety-six participants were selected using multi-stage sampling technique. Besides, sub-city Leadership members, revenue and Finance officials to conduct key informant interviews and again focus group discussion participants were purposely selected. The data gathering instruments were questionnaire, key informant interviews and focus group discussion, and document analysis. Data collected from the survey was analyzed using descriptive statistical techniques. The data were analyzed using software Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS V.20). The findings indicates that respondents’ responses concerning autonomy of gubere sub city is not planning budget, not uses own revenue and grants nothing to expenditure assignments. This implies that there is absence of the fiscal decentralization practices. And again the functionalities of institutional and legal frameworks, inter-governmental fiscal relations, challenges, and constraints of fiscal decentralization, were significantly different. In general, the practice of fiscal decentralization in the gubere sub city was nothing as existing institutional and legal frameworks. Respondents stated that gubere sub city administrations had enough revenue base, but not using autonomy and not planning and budgeting, revenue using and expenditure assignment autonomy. Based on the findings of the study, the research hence recommended that existing institutional and legal frameworks are basic issues, so needed to structured fastly. in the other hand that it enables to gubere sub city administrations to generate and utilize sufficient revenues, plan and budget own activities, autonomy of expenditure assignments are please hurry up to practice. Inter-governmental fiscal relations vertical imbalances are better to fix fastly in sub city Administration level.
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    THE ROLE OF LOCAL COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION IN THE PREVENTION OF YOUTH CRIME: IN THE CASE OF ALEM KETEMA TOWN ADMINISTRATION, NORTH SHEWA ZONE, AMHARA REGION
    (wolkite universty, 2024-08) ALEHEGN EYLACHEW
    The main objective of the study was to assess the role of local community participation in the prevention of youth crime in Alem Ketema town. The researcher was applied a descriptive survey research (qualitative and quantitative methods) design. In the study both primary and secondary data sources were used. A total of 410 samples were selected through both purposive and systematic sampling techniques from the total population of Alum ketema town in order to meet the objectives of the study, the data were collected using questioners, semi structured interview, observation and document analysis regarding to the above research objective. Both qualitative and quantitative data analysis were used to analyze the study. As shown in the research, theft and robbery, vandalism, burglary, sexual incidents and murder are some of the offences committed by the young people in the study area. The study findings show that the involvement of the communities in the prevention of youth crime is good but it needs a serious attention due to the high rate of antisocial behavior in the study area. Based on the study findings, the researcher concluded that the roles of community in the prevention of youth crime is not more effective because of the following factors, such as lack of cooperation, absence of job opportunity for youths, lack of commitment etc. As indicated in the study, providing religious and cultural teaching for children, establishing youth justice system and bringing the offences before the court, working with the government through network are some of the possible mechanisms applied in the community to prevent youth crime .Finally, based on the result of the study ,the researcher was recommends the government must create job opportunity and avoid the opportunities of youth crime, the community, religious leaders, local elders, police officers, government, families and NGOS should work on the virtue of youths through commitment and cooperation.
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    ASSESSMENT ON POLITICAL PARTICIPATION OF YOUTH AND ITS CHALLENGES: THE CASE OF SODO WOREDA, GURAGE ZONE
    (wolkite universty, 2024-05) HABTAMU FELEKE
    The aim of this study was to assess the political participation of youth and its challenges in Sodo Woreda, Gurage zone. Besides, the study attempted to describe the status of youth political participation in the study area and also identified possible ways that can enhance youth participation in politics. The qualitative methodological approach was employed as a suitable method to address the research questions and objectives. In this study, both primary and secondary sources of data were employed. Purposive sampling and data gathering instruments such as semi-structured interview, focus group discussions and document analysis were employed. Besides, the gathered data were analyzed using the descriptive thematic data analysis technique. The results of the study revealed that youth participation status is low and there is no effective and inclusive political participation of youth in the Woreda. The study also assessed the challenges, which hinder the participation of young people in politics. The challenges that are revealed in the study comprise lack of political knowledge and awareness, institutional challenges and incumbent performances, lack of interest in politics and apathy, fear of politics, partisan attachment and political repression, family and community pressure, socio-economic challenges, demographic and cultural factors, and challenges related to ethnicity and lack of security. The study identified possible ways to enhance participation such as access to media and the internet, the existence of youth organizations and public councils, and a multi-party system. Based on the findings and conclusions the study recommends the necessity of taking practical measures to create suitable environment and youth-oriented platforms.
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    EVALUATION OF THE RELATIVE PROFESSIONAL CAPACITY OF CIVIL SERVANTS AT DIFFERENT LEVELS IN ABESHGE WOREDA, GURAGE ZONE
    (wolkite universty, 2023-04) TADESSESIRAW BOGALE
    This study examined how the relative professional capacity of civil servant of Abeshge wereda has been established and analyzed the recruitment and selection of staff and the assignment of technical leaders. In doing so, both qualitative and quantitative research approaches were employed; where much emphasis is given for the descriptive research design. Relevant literature on professional capacities, employee experience were sufficiently reviewed. The study focuses on the wereda level relative professional merit and establishment practices ofthe wereda. Both primary and secondary data were collected. Primary data for the study was collected through questionnaires and key interviews. Stratified sampling technique was employed in identified the respondents. 164 copies of the questionnaire were distributed. Data were subjected to simple descriptive statistics such as frequency and percentages. Theresults of the study shows that there is a wide gap in the capacity building of professionals based on the job training and recruitment and selection of management. And the lack of classification based on the education and work experience of the office managers who come to be in charge is an obstacle for the employee to work with responsibility
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    DETERMINANTS OF FARMERS LOAN REPAYMENT IN MICROFINANCE INSTITUTIONS OPERATING IN GURAGE ZONE, THE CASE OF ABESHGE WOREDA
    (wolkite universty, 2025-04) TALEGN ALEMU
    Farmers often exhibit reluctance to repay loans from microfinance institutions (MFIs) due to a combination of socio-economic challenges, structural issues within the lending systems, and personal circumstances. This study was aimed at identifying factors affecting farmer’s loan repayment in microfinance institutions operating in Gurage Zone, the case of Abeshge Woreda.Both descriptive, inferential statistics and econometric methods (probit model) of data analysis were employed. Random sampling method was used to select sample farmers considered in this study. In general, a total 314 farmers were used for gathering the required data. Based on the data about 27.07% of the respondents were defaulters while 72.93% were non defaulters. The mean comparison t-test showed significant difference among two groups (defaulters and non-defaulters)regarding family size, year of schooling, livestock ownership and distance to development agents and loan amount. Also, significant proportion difference was among defaulters and non-defaulters regarding the sex of households. The probit model outputs suggest that sex of the household head, educational attainment, and livestock ownership, income from farm and non-farm sources, proximity to extension service providers, distance to lending institutions, and the size of the loanare significant factors of farmer’s loan repayment performance. The probability of households torepay the loan to microfinance institutions with in the loan repayment period is about 76.4%. The model validation statistics are also good enough for this analysis. High transaction costs, limited outreach, high loan interest rates, short repayment period, and financial literacy were significant constraints of farmers’ loan repayment performance in the study area. To enhance loan repayment performance among farmers in this area, it is crucial to implement educational initiatives that support family growth and stability, improve access to livestock ownership, and reduce transaction costs for loans. Additionally, streamlining application processes, lowering fees, improving proximity to development agents, and encouraging income diversification are essential steps to address the socio-economic factors at play.
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    THE CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS OF REVENUE GENERATION IN LOCAL GOVERNMENT; THE CASE OF ENDEGAGN WOREDA ADMINISTRATION, GURAGE ZONE
    (wolkite universty, 2022-04) SEBAH SEFFA OSMAN
    The main objective of this study was to assess the challenges, and prospects of revenue generation in local government; the case of Endegagn woreda administration, Gurage zone. To deal with the research objectives, one main and three specific research questions were framed to examine the challenges and prospects of revenue generation. To conduct the study, descriptive research design, and both qualitative and quantitative research approaches are adopted for the study. Probability sampling techniques is used to select respondents for survey questionnaire; and also non probability sampling is used to select respondents for semi structured interview. Data gathered from primary and secondary source. The primary data obtained by semi structured interview, and survey questionnaire. The secondary data collected from reports and manuals of Endegagn woreda tax office, the regional state income tax proclamation, regulation, and tax administration proclamation. The main instruments of data collection are survey questionnaire, semi structured interview and public document review. The Data analyzed by descriptive statistics such as cross tab, frequencies, percentages, and mode through statistical tool of SPSS version 26. The data presented in tables, and charts. The finding of the study reveals that the woreda administration revenue generation was hindered by different challenges. From the findings of the study the main one is local government depend on few known revenue source, its low capacity for revenue generation expressed by low commitment for revenue source, and low level of tax payers awareness about taxation, and its payment. The finding of the study also reveals the key prospects for the improvement of revenue generation in Endegagn woreda administration is tax staff motivation, improving the supply of good infrastructure, continuous awareness creation program, and attraction of local investors to the local government. Based on the major finding of the study, recommendations are forwarded that could solve the problem and capitalize the prospects available. In this regard, tax payers create close relation with tax office; ask the culture of where to spend the revenue, the local governments broad the revenue base, and tax office capacitate its organization in both of human resource and technology, so that impose tax based on ability to pay principles, register potential tax payers, and design reward system for the priority payer based on their categories of tax payers.
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    ASSESSMENT OF THE PRACTICES AND CHALLENGES OF GOOD GOVERNANCE IN JUSTICE SECTOR: A CASE STUDY OF WOLKITE TOWN IN GURAGHE ZONE, CENTRAL ETHIOPIA
    (wolkite universty, 2023-06)
    The goal of this study was to assess the challenges and practices of good governance practices inthe justice sector in Wolkite town administration, Gurage Zone, Central Ethiopia. The study employed a descriptive survey method with mixed research approaches, both quantitative and qualitative. The target population of the study consists of the clients in the justice sector atWolkite Town Administration. The participants were drawn from all the justice sector customers using simple random sampling techniques and purposive sampling, so that 281 customers were selected as a sample in this study. The relevant data were collected through a questionnaire, key informant interviews, focus group discussions, and document reviews. The quantitative data have been analyzed using frequencies and percentages, whereas the qualitative data were narrated systematically using a content analysis approach. The finding demonstrated that the court decision is not free from partiality, the decision was not made quickly, and the justice sector isfree from political intervention. Judges, court officers, assistant court officers, prosecutors, registrars, and police fail to take account for their respective duties. Lack of transparency and accountability in the appointment of the judiciary body (judges) was a concern that hindered the prevalence of good governance in the justice sector. Based on the findings, the researcher recommends that the justice sector implement reform on the issues of good governance since the current state of good governance, such as participation, accountability, transparency, and the rule of law, in the Wolkite justice sector is unsatisfactory.
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    DETERMINANTS OF STRATEGIC PLAN DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION SUCCESS: THE CASE OF WOLKITE TOWN MUNICIPALITY
    (wolkite universty, 2023-05) AWLACHEW SEBSEBE
    Strategic planning is a method for setting future direction by gathering and utilizing specific information and the processes translate into specific and measurable goals, aims, objectives and action plans. This study is aimed to assess determinants of strategic plan development and implementation success in the case Wolkite town municipality. An institution based study was conducted with stratified random sampling technique. Data were collected from randomly selected officials by using a structured and pretested questionnaire. The collected data was checked, cleared, entered into Epi data 3.1 and exported to SPSS software version20 for analysis. Both quantitative and qualitative data analyses methods were carried out toidentify level of implementation status in Wolkite town municipality. The study indicated that 51.7% of respondent said that the strategic plan meet standard of strategic plan. And84.8% of participants showed that municipality office didn’t allocate necessary supplies forstrategic plan development. And also implementation status was assessed by five pillars ofstrategic plan implementation; the result of study leadership quality accounted only 55.6%,resource availability 71.5%, effective stakeholder involvement 55.6%, organizational main pillars are poor. The overall aggregated average implementation status of Wolkite town municipality was poor. Municipality’s leader should be equipped with both professional and leadership competencies. Effective & timely communication system should be adapted.
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    Prevalence of Intestinal Parasitic Infection and Associated Risk Factors Among Schoolchildren in Primary Schools at Sheger City Sebeta Sub City, Oromia Regional State of Ethiopia
    (wolkite universty, 2024-12) Tigist Bonsa
    Intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) are a significant public health concern, especially among school-age children in developing countries. These infections can lead to malnutrition, growth retardation, and impaired cognitive development if left untreated. Understanding the prevalence and associated risk factors of IPIs among primary school students is crucial for implementing effective intervention measures and improving the health and well-being of this vulnerable population. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections and identify the associated risk factors among primary school children in Sheger City Sebeta SubCity, Oromia Regional State of Ethiopia. The study was conducted from March to June 2023 and involved a sample size of 384 children. The data collected provides insights into the frequency of deworming supplementation, awareness of intestinal parasites, and the prevalence of protozoa and helminth infections. The findings revealed that during the specified time frame, no deworming supplementation was provided to the children. While some children reported being aware of intestinal parasites, the majority did not receive regular deworming supplementation. the majority of children (86.7%) tested negative for any protozoa infections. However, 8.1% of the children tested positive for Giardia, and 5.2% tested positive for Entamoeba histolytic a. When examining helminth infections, the majority of children (87.8%) tested negative for any helminth infections. These results emphasize the urgent need for implementing deworming programs and interventions to address and control the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections among primary school children in the Sheger City Sebeta Sub-City area. Such interventions are essential to improve the health and well-being of schoolchildren by reducing the burden of these infections and their associated adverse effects, including growth stunting, malnutrition, anemia, fatigue, and impaired school attendance and cognitive performance
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    SENIOR ESSAY SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF ART IN MARKETING MANAGEMENT
    (2023-05) ELYAS GELAW
    Marketing strategies constitute one of the key functional strategies that Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) adopt to enhance performance. This study is aimed to examine the effect of marketing strategy on SMEs performance in Wolkite town. By taking the research objectives and questions into considerations, only quantitative research approach and both descriptive research design were used. The study was delimited to proportionate stratified and purposive sampling techniques. The findings of descriptive statistics have shown that the mean score of marketing strategy variables i.e. STP, product, price, promotion, place, customer orientation, and relationship marketing inclined to agreement. Relatively relationship marketing had a higher strong relationship with performance. Likewise, the empirical findings of the multiple regression indicated that, only six of the predictor variables STP, Product, Promotion, Place, Customer Orientation, and Relationship Marketing have a positive and significant effect on the Performance of SMEs but, price is not.