SENIOR RESEARCH PAPER ON ANALYSIS OF FOOD INSECURITY AND ITS DETERMINANT INCASE OF SANKURA DISTICT

Abstract

Agriculture is a key driver of Ethiopia’s long-term growth and food security. Most the people are vulnerable to food insecurity and ensuring food security remains a key issue for the Government of Ethiopia. In order to combat threats of famine and persistent poverty and thereby ensure food security for its population, the government has rested on increasing the availability of food grains through significant investments in agricultural technologies. The impacts of these policies, however, have been shadowed as there are still millions of people who experience extreme hunger in the country. Ethiopia has experienced long periods of food insecurity which may be ascribed to several factors which include occasional droughts and also degradation of farm lands. These factors have limited the “physical, social and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food necessary to meet the dietary needs and food preferences for leading an active and healthy life” for majority of the residents. The objectives of this study was to analysis food insecurity status, determinants of food insecurity and range of coping strategies in the study area. Multistage sampling technique has been used to select both Barcho and kore kebele for this study and a total of 99 households were selected purposively from the study area. Both qualitative and quantitative data were employed for this study. Primary data was collected by direct interview of sample respondents; whereas, secondary data collected from published and unpublished documents. Both descriptive and regression analysis were also employed to analyze the collected data.Binary probit model was used to test hypothesis and reveal the effect of different variables on house hold food insecurity.The researcher recommended to Government should Enhance access to micro-credit for rural farmers through supportive policies and financial literacy programs. Promote off-farm activities by providing technical and financial support for skill development. Implement community awareness programs on family planning to manage household size and strengthen extension services for better resource management. Improve agricultural practices by ensuring access to quality inputs and offering training on modern farming techniques. Invest in rural infrastructure for better market access and develop irrigation systems to combat drought. Engage local communities in decision-making and encourage support groups to share resources and coping strategies.