College of Natural and Computational Sciences
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College of Natural and Computational Sciences
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Item FACTORS AFFECTING 10TH GRADE STUDENT ACEDAMIC PREFORMANCE IN CHEMISTRY(Wolkite University, 2024-01-01) URGESSA OLANA TERFAChemistry has been identified as a very important school subject and its importance in scientific and technological development of any nation within the context of science education. This study aims at investigating factors that influence performance of Chemistry in Fincha secondary schools in Abay Chomen District of Oromia regional state, Ethiopia. The data was collected using questionnaires to both students and teachers; class observation schedule and interview to principal. Descriptive and inferential statistics was used to analyze the collected data. The descriptive survey was employed to identify students attitude, assess the professional qualification of teachers; and analyze the teaching and learning methods used and learning resource needed in teaching the subject. The inferential statistics was used to support these descriptive survey of the study. The finding of the result revealed that, attitude of students towards chemistry; professional qualification of Chemistry teachers; teaching and learning methods used in teaching Chemistry subject and teaching and learning resources needed in teaching of Chemistry subject were the factors identified that hinders the students’ performance toward the subject. Moreover, the result indicate that, eventhough majority of the students were very positive toward learning Chemistry subject, their performance is far below average and they seem to score low grade in Chemistry subject. Therefore, chemistry teachers should use student centered method of teaching, the school should strive to provide adequate resources to increase students’ performance in chemistry subject in the study area and teachers should organize symposium to sensitize students on the practical applications related to the subject and carrying out continuous evaluation test were recommended.Item TEACHER AND STUDENT PERCEPTIONS TOWARD PRACTICAL ACTIVITY IMPLEMENTATION IN CHEMISTRY TEACHING AND LEARNING IN SOME SELECTED SECONDARY SCHOOL(Wolkite University, 2024-07-01) NAOL NAMOMSA DABAThis study investigates the perceptions of teachers and students regarding the practical implementation and activities in chemistry classrooms. The study aimed to explore the factors influencing the effectiveness of chemistry education and identify strategies to improve student engagement and learning outcomes. To achieve these objectives, data were collected from three secondary school (Kolobo, Talacho and Suba) students, teachers and directors. In doing this study, quantitative and qualitative research methods and descriptive survey design were used. Stratified random and purposive sampling was used in the selection of study participants. The data were obtained through questionnaires, observation, and interviews. Based on the analyzed data, the findings of the study revealed that students, teachers and directors perceived that chemistry practical courses (experiments) are relevant to students learning. Additionally, the findings of this study also showed that despite its relevance, the practice of laboratory work is very low. Furthermore, the lack of resources (such as laboratory equipment), the lack of time to practice laboratory work, and students’ lack of engagement in laboratory activities were the major factors that affected the implementation of laboratory work. The study provides valuable insights into the importance of effective communication, hands-on experiments, and real-world applications in chemistry education. Finally, it recommends that this study can inform curriculum development and instructional practices to enhance student learning and satisfaction in chemistry classrooms. It provides educators can implement strategies to enhance the learning experience in chemistry classrooms.Item IMPACT OF CLASS SIZE ON ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT IN CHEMISTRY AT PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS OF SEBETA AWAS WOREDA, OROMIA REGION(Wolkite University, 2024-01-01) FIKADU EJETA TUFAThis study assessed the impact of class size on academic achievement of chemistry in secondary schools in Sebeta Awas Woreda. The study used descriptive survey research design whereby both qualitative and quantitative approaches were the basis of data collection and data analysis. A sample of three public secondary schools was selected using the simple random sampling technique. The population of the study comprised all the eight chemistry teachers, three principals, one vice principal, one supervisor and one hundred sixty-two students. Data was collected using questionnaire, interview, observation and document review and the analysis of the questions was done using descriptive statistics, frequency, percent, mean and standard deviation. The research questionnaires were validated by advisor, supervisor and two senior science teachers in secondary schools of Tefki and Awash Melka and the pilot-test method was used to ascertain its reliability with coefficients of 0.92 for the teachers’ questionnaires and 0.98 for the students’ questionnaires. The findings revealed that class size had negative impact on academic achievement in chemistry. It was also observed that class size has psychological and social impact on students’ academic achievement and negatively influence teacher’s quality of work and assessment, whereas, they are improved by small class size. It was recommended, among other suggestion, that governments should prioritize the construction of more building of additional classrooms and the employment of more teachers to provide solution to the problem of high students-teachers ratios. The students-teacher ratio should be 45:1 as suggested by National Policy on Education as against 70-112 and above as discovered from the study. As a long-term measure, the government should increase budget allocation to improve schools’ infrastructural facilities.Item ASSESSMENT OF PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND HEAVY METAL CONTAMINATION IN HORA HARSADE WATER, BISHOFTU, EAST SHOA ZONE, OROMIA, ETHIOPIA.(Wolkite University, 2024-01-01) Naol AssefaHora is a type of ground natural mineral water which are used as a source of mineral supplement for livestock. It has the medicinal value to protect the animals from different diseases and useful for their health growth. The aim of this study was to assess Physicochemical Properties and Heavy Metal Contamination in Hora Harsade Water, Bishoftu, East Shoa Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia. The Hora water samples were analyzed for physicochemical parameters and heavy metal concentration using a DR/2400 UV-vis spectrophotometer, flame photometry and ICP OES by following standard methods and laboratory procedures. The experimental procedures were set according to the international drinking water standards set by American Public Health Association (APHA). The study was carried in Winter, Spring and Summer, 2024. A total of 15 physicochemical properties and 5 heavy metal concentrations were analyzed in order to understand the characteristic and quality status of the Hora natural mineral water with temperature, pH, turbidity, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), total suspended solids (TSS), Total solids (TS), Total Alkalinity (TA), Total hardness (TH), Dissolved solids (DO), Na, K, Ca, Mg, Chloride ion (Cl-); and heavy metals like: Cu, Fe, Zn, Mn and Cr. The results were evaluated with national (NDWQS, 2013) and international (WHO, 2018) drinking water standard values for human and livestock. The recorded mean concentration of temperature 19.37±0.15 0C higher than 15 0C WHO, TSS (91.33±1.15 mg/L) which is above WHO (30 mg/L), Na (318.39±11.35 mg/L) is above 200 mg/L (NDWQS and WHO), and Mn (0.56±0.05 mg/L) which is above permissible limits of NDWQS (0.5 mg/L) and WHO (0.1 mg/L). All the rest listed above properties of water were observed within the recommended permissible limits of CES and WHO standards that agreed with domestic water quality level. Based on the current study result the Hora Harsadee spring water is suitable for domestic purposes after moderate treatment of temperature, TSS, Na & Mn. For more detail quality monitoring, other physicochemical, toxic metals and microbial analysis have to be done in order to have a broader picture of those spring water quantity.Item SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MORINGA OLEIFERA WITH REDUCED GRAPHENE OXIDE NANOCOMPOSITE FOR ADSORPTIVE REMOVAL OF IRON FROM GROUND WATER(Wolkite University, 2023-01-30) FELEKE GUADIETreatment of potable ground water in rural areas is still a serious problem in Ethiopia. This studywas conducted to investigate low-cost, environmental friendly and innovative composite adsorbent(rGO/MO) for the removal of elevated ferrous iron (Fe2+) from three randomly selected shallowwell water samples. All water samples were analyzed by different parameters like pH, temperature,electrical conductivity, turbidity, TDS, TSS, hardness, chlorides, alkalinity and Fe2+Concentration. The results of the study were ranged as pH (6.52-–7.22), Temperature (21.3–22.7 ℃), E.C (76.8–151.3 µS/cm), turbidity (15–22 NTU),TDS (79.2–121.3 mg/L), TSS (50–100mg/L), hardness(120–280 mg/L), chlorides(93–125 mg/L), alkalinity (200–550 mg/L) andFe2+(0.62–0.66 mg/L). The values of most of the parameters such as pH, conductivity, temperature,TDS, hardness, and chloride content were within the permissible limit of WHO and EEPA.However, the concentration of Fe2+ was above the maximum permissible limit set by WHO.Similarly, the values of physicochemical parameters such as turbidity, TSS, and alkalinity wereabove the acceptable range for drinking water limit set by WHO and EEPA. Thus, the resultshowed that the potable ground water collected from rural areas pose a risk to human healthunless a proper water treatment system is implemented. The investigated adsorbents (MO, rGO,and rGO/MO) were characterized by FTIR, SEM, XRD and UV-Visible techniques. An adsorptionresults showed remarkable adsorption capacity (qmax) of 44.6 mg/g as obtained from theexperiment. The adsorption efficiency of rGO/MO adsorbent for elevated ferrous iron removal wasaffected by parameters like initial metal concentration, contact time, pH, and adsorbent dose. Thehighest adsorption efficiency was observed (99.2 %) at pH 9. The optimum contact time for theadsorption process was found to be at 50 minutes. The amount of Fe2+ ions adsorbed decreaseswith increasing in initial metal ion concentration. FT-IR data indicated that the adsorption ofmetal ions occurs on the surface of rGO/MO powder as the main functional groups that areresponsible for metal ions binding are involved in the process. The Langmuir isotherm data Fe2+has good fit with the experimental data (R2=0.994) than Freundlich isotherm data Fe2+(R2=0.979)Item DIET COMPOSITION AND FEEDING HABITS OF CYPRINUS CARPIO (LINNAEUS 1758) (PISCES: CYPRINIDAE) IN LAKE AREKIT, ETHIOPIA(Wolkite University, 2025-01-30) INJIGU WENDIMUThe diet composition and feeding habits of Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus, 1758) were examined” “using 209 fish samples from Lake Arekit. The species' feeding patterns were determined through” “numerical indexes (frequency of occurrence and volumetric contribution) and composite indexes” “(Index of Preponderance (IOP) and Geometric Index of Importance (GIIi)). Among the 209” “specimens, 174 (83.3%) displayed a range of dietary items in their stomachs. Detritus emerged” “as the primary food source for C. carpio, followed by macrophytes, insects, and zooplankton. A” “lesser amount of phytoplankton, nematodes, and ostracods were also consumed. Based on the” “findings, C. carpio can be classified as a detri-omnivore, as it consumes benthic species like” “nematodes, ostracods, and insect larvae. Seasonal fluctuations in food item consumption were” “noted (p < 0.05), with higher intake during the rainy season and reduced consumption in the dry” “season. Significant variations in food preferences were observed among size groups (p < 0.05).” “Smaller size classes preferred foods of animal origin, such as ostracods, zooplankton, and” “insects, while macrophytes and detritus were more prevalent in the largest class. This study” “enhances our understanding of C. carpio's diet in Lake Arekit. Still, further research is necessary” “to explore the diet across the fish's lifespan and monthly, considering various environmental” “conditions.” “Item Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used for the treatment of human and livestock diseases in Kokir Gedebano Gutazer Welene Woreda, Gurage Zone, and Central Ethiopia(Wolkite University, 2025-01-30) Tariku Melis DodeIn an ethnobotanical survey conducted designated rural and urban areas, randomly chosen sites” “were to find the most skilled practitioners who are familiar with treating human illnesses with” “traditional medicinal plants. This ethnobotanical study focuses on medicinal plants used for” “treating diseases in both humans and livestock in Kokir Gedebano Gutazer Welene Woreda,” “located in the Gurage Zone of Central Ethiopia. The study aimed to identify the diversity of” “medicinal plants and their applications in healthcare. Utilizing adescriptive research design,” “qualitative and quantitative methods were employed the study employed a combination of simple” “random sampling and purposive sampling techniques. Data collection methods included field” “visits, interviews, and participant observation. From the 34 kebeles in Kokir Gedebano Woreda,” “three kebeles were selected based on their agro-climatic zones: Ambelta Kebele lowland Tilamo” “Kebele midland, and Kentwat in highland. Research design descriptive research method was” “used because descriptive method used to describe research was qualitative and quantitative” “approaches The majority of medicinal plants were found in cultivated areas, with fewer collected” “from natural environ in average the three kebele medicinal plants of cultivated land (77.43%)” “forest (22.53%). Regard to plant families, the highest species richness consisting of 6 (8.69%)” “family solanaceae, Fabaceae, Rutaceae decrease respectively and Lamiaceae 5 (5.79%) each” “families and next families Cucurbitaceae, Rosaceae and Asteraceae 4 (4.34%) each” “families.ments. Additionally market surveys, focus group discussions, and ethnobotanical data” “analysis. Preference ranking and informant consensus factors were assessed using the” “Informant to evaluate the effectiveness of the medicinal plants across various disease” “categories. The research area's medicinal plant variety was determined by collecting and” “identifying 71 species of medicinal plants from 64 genera and 40 families. The cultivated land” “was where the majority of the medicinal plants were gathered, 54 medicinal plant species” “gathered in the study area were used to cure human ailments, while 15 were used to treat cattle” “ailments, and 13 were used to treat both. Both official and informal education systems should” “incorporate tested and validated indigenous knowledge indigenous about the traditional uses of” “plants in general and therapeutic applications.” “Item AN INVESTIGATION OF WOODY SPECIES CONTRIBUTION FOR AGROFORESTERY AND COMMUNITY MANAGEMENT PRACTICE IN MISRAK MESKAN DISTRICT OF MISRAK GURAGE ZONE CENTRAL ETHIOPIA REGIONAL STATE, ETHIOPIA.(Wolkite University, 2025-01-30) MOHAMMED KEDIR; Dagne Abebe (Asst. Prof)Woody species conservation is an issue of scientific, economic and ecological concern at global level.Woody species play many functions and make a real contribution to farmland” “protection, making them essential parts of an agroforestry system.Farmland plays significant” “role in the woody species conservation. The study was conducted to An Investigation of” “Woody Species Contribution For Agroforestery And Community Management Practice In” “Misrak Meskan District Of Misrak Gurage Zone Central Ethiopia Regional State,” “Ethiopia.Using systematic sampling techniques were representative kebele were selected” “from district . Four kebele and a total of 400 households were included in the study. Data on” “woody species were collected using a line transect across 60 plots, each measuring 40m ×” “40 m, spaced at 100 m intervals on farmland. For all woody species ≥5 cm, the diameter at” “breast height (DBH) was measured. Key materics such as important value index, density,” “dominance, and frequency were computed and analyzed. A total of 20 families and 33 woody” “species were identified and documented.The average basal area of woody species on” “farmland in study area was 0.55 m2. Farmers preferred woody species that provided for fuel” “wood, timber, shade and construction materias, with Fiaderbia albida the most favored,” “followed by Eucalyptus camaldulensis and Acacia abyssinica. The common management” “practices include coppicing and Lopping. Socioeconomic aspects like the size of the farm,” “educational background, and wealth status influenced the management of woody species on” “farmland.With 6 species, the Fabaceae family was the most represented. Fiaderbia albida., Eucalyptus camadulensis., Acacia abyssinica., Balanites aegyptiaca., and Cordia Africana.” “were the most common species, occurring in 85%, 80%, 76%, 68.33%, and 65% of the farms” “that were sampled.Overall, the study demonstrated that an agroforestry system is essential to” “the preservation of woody species.While farmers employ traditional management practice for” “wood species on their farmland,these practices required better support and extention service” “to address existing challenges.” “Item LargeNon-Local Operator and Applications(WOLKITE UNIVERSITY, 2021-06) Abera Dijago; Dr. Hailu BikilaIn this project we discuss on,the Laplace and Fourier transform that we have found, so useful for solving the integral transforms to a general class of a non-local operators that share a common set of properties. The so called lin earities define a class of Laplace and Fourier transform which include many of the previous transform as special cases.The linearity of both transform helps to identify those assumptions that are needed to define Laplace and Fourier transform with the properties that we require a certain techniques to solve the function by using non-local operators.Item BEST PROXIMITY POINT THEOREMS FOR GENERALIZED WEAKLY CONTRATIVE MAPPING IN METRIC SPACES(WOLKITE UNIVERSITY, 2020-12) AWOL MOHAMMEDThe purpose of this study is to introduce the notion of generalized proximal weakly contractive mappings in metric spaces and to prove existence and uniqueness of best proximity point for generalized proximal weakly contractive mappings in complete metric spaces. I given example to analyze and support my results.