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URI for this collectionhttps://rps.wku.edu.et/handle/123456789/46883

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Start date: 2025Subject: search.filters.subject.Ethiopia

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    IN HOSPITAL OUTCOME AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG ADULT ACUTE STROKE PATIENTS ADMITTED TO WOLKITE UNIVERSITY SPECIALIZED HOSPITAL FROM OCTOBER 2023 TO DECEMBER 2025: HOSPITALBASED RETROSPECTIVE CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
    (wolkite University, 2026-06) SEID YESUF
    Background: Stroke is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in low- and middleincome countries, including Ethiopia. However, evidence on in-hospital treatment patterns, complications, and predictors of outcome among hospitalized stroke patients remains limited. Methods: A hospital-based retrospective study was conducted among patients admitted with acute stroke. Data on socio-demographic characteristics, vascular risk factors, clinical presentation, laboratory and imaging findings, in-hospital treatment, complications, and outcomes were collected and analyzed. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independent predictors of poor in-hospital outcomes. Results: A total of 236 patients admitted with acute stroke were included in the study. The mean age was 62.1 ± 13.7 years, with a slight male predominance (51.7%). Hypertension (67.8%) was the most common risk factor, and most patients presented late after symptom onset. Ischemic stroke accounted for 59.3% of cases. Overall, 41.1% of patients experienced a poor outcome, including clinical deterioration (28.0%) and death (12.3%). In multivariable analysis, moderate to severe impairment of consciousness at admission (AOR = 6.98; p < 0.001), higher admission RBS (AOR = 2.26; p = 0.032), renal dysfunction (AOR = 2.87; p = 0.016), delayed blood pressure management (AOR = 2.89; p = 0.041), and prolonged hospital stay (AOR 3.12; p = 0.008) were independent predictors Conclusion: Poor in-hospital outcomes among stroke patients remain substantial. Admission neurological status and random blood sugar, renal dysfunction, delayed blood pressure management, and prolonged hospitalization are key associated factors of adverse outcomes, highlighting the need for early risk stratification and comprehensive inpatient care in resource-limited settings
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    UTILIZATION AND DETERMINANTS OF PRECONCEPTION CARE AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN ATTENDING ANTENATAL CARE IN WOLKITE TOWN, CENTRAL ETHIOPIA, 2026.
    (wolkite University, 2026-06) DR. ADDIS GEBRU
    Background: Preconception care (PCC) improves maternal and neonatal outcomes by addressing health risks before pregnancy, yet utilization remains low in Ethiopia. This study assessed PCC utilization and determinant factors among pregnant women in Wolkite town. Methods: A multi-centered institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 728 pregnant women attending antenatal care from December 2025 to January 2026. Multi-staged Systematic Random sampling and interviewer-administered questionnaires were used. Data were analyzed with SPSS using bivariable and multivariable logistic regression. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05 (AOR, 95% CI). Results: Magnitude of PCC utilization was 21.4% (95% CI: 17.5%–25.3%). Advanced maternal age >35 years (AOR = 2.78; 95% CI: 1.75–4.42), Higher education (AOR = 2.74; 95% CI: 1.85– 4.05), Employed women (AOR = 1.97; 95% CI: 1.33–2.92), Higher income (>20,000 ETB/month) (AOR = 6.38; 95% CI: 3.12–13.04; P < 0.001), Good Knowledge (AOR = 16.5; 95% CI: 9.2–29.6), Preexisting medical conditions (AOR = 12.8; 95% CI: 6.7–24.5), Contraceptive use (AOR = 13.2; 95% CI: 8.1–21.6), Husband support, and Residence within 30 minutes of a health facility were independent predictors of PCC utilization. Conclusion: PCC uptake in Wolkite town is low due to limited awareness and access barriers. Enhancing community education, integrating PCC into routine reproductive services, strengthening facility readiness, and promoting male partner involvement are essential to improve maternal and neonatal health.
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    ADHERENCE TO ANTIHYPERTENSIVE MEDICATIONS AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS ON FOLLOW UP AT GURAGHE ZONE HOSPITALS,CENTRAL ETHIOPIA NOV-DEC,2025
    (wolkite University, 2026-06) Dr.DANIEL FUJAGA
    Background: Optimal blood pressure control depends largely on patients’ adherence to prescribed antihypertensive medications. However, medication non-adherence continues to be a major challenge. In Ethiopia, although several studies have examined antihypertensive medication adherence, findings on associated factors vary, and evidence from Guraghe Zone hospitals is lacking. Method: A health institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from November-1 to December-30, 2025 in three selected Hospitals of Guraghe Zone. A simple random sampling technique was used to select hospitals and study subjects were proportionally allocated. A total of 368 adult hypertensive patients on follow-up who visit during the study period were consecutively enrolled until the required sample attained. Medication adherence was assessed using the eight-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8). Data was entered into Epi Data version 4.7 and exported to SPSS version 23 software for further analysis. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis was done at a 95% confidence interval (CI). A variable with a P-value 4.33) and duration of antihypertensive treatment for less than five years (AOR = 0.31; 95% CI: 0.10–0.94). Conclusion: Adherence to antihypertensive medication was found to be suboptimal. This study identified place of residence, educational level, blood pressure control status, use of health insurance coverage and duration of hypertension treatment as independent predictors of medication adherence. Therefore targeted counseling more focusing on first years of therapy and strengthening health insurance coverage is recommended
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    MAGNITUDE OF MATERNITY WAITING HOME UTILIZATION AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG WOMEN WHO GAVE BIRTH WITHIN 12 MONTHS BEFORE SURVEY IN GETA DISTRICT, GURAGE ZONE, CENTRAL ETHIOPIAN,2025
    (wolkite University, 2026-06) CHERU BIREGA
    Introduction: Maternity waiting homes are a cost-effective approach to ensure safer deliveries and healthier mothers and babies. It is important to enhance accessibility of healthcare services, by closing the gap between remote communities and medical facilities, an ensuring timely access to skilled birth attendance. In Sub-Saharan Africa, close to 30% of women with proper ANC follow-up ended up delivering at home. The types of waiting homes and their capacity to accommodate clients differed across regions in Ethiopia. Objective: To assess the magnitude of maternity waiting home Utilization and associated factors among women who gave birth within 12 months prior to the survey in rural kebeles of Geta district Gurage zone, Central Ethiopian. 2025 Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study design was conducted to determine the extent of maternity waiting home utilization and its associated factors among women who gave birth within 12 months prior the survey in Geta district. A simple random sampling method was used to extract 365 samples from six rural kebeles from July 1 up to 30/2025. The data was collected through face-to-face interview by using pre-tested structured questionnaires. Then it was entered into Epi-data version 4.2 and then exported to SPSS version 26 for cleaning, coding, and analysis. And major analysis of data was conducted with binary logistic regression model Results: 365 mothers who had given birth in the last year were successfully interviewed. Out of the total study participants, 131 study participants (36%) mothers with the 95%CI of (31.0 _40.8) utilized maternity waiting home. ANC follow up (AOR = 9.001, 95% CI: 2.407,33.662, p = 0.001), maternal age 25-35yrs (AOR =20.1, 95% CI: 3.765,107.41, p = 0.001),no access to transportation facilities (AOR =57, 95% CI: 14.607,225.608, p = 0.000), multigravida 95%CI AOR =7.728 (1.692,35.293), maternal occupation being merchants were AOR= 12.787 , 95% CI: (3.193,51.207), women whose husbands were farmers With AOR= 22.9 with 95% CI of (4.912,106.767) p = 0.001, were identified as independent predictors of maternity waiting utilization Conclusion Overall, maternity waiting home utilization accounted for 36% of the study population, which is predicted with ANC follow up, maternal age, maternal gravidity, maternal and husband occupation. Therefore, enhancing maternity waiting home utilization may require expanding strategic approaches
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    MAGNITUDE AND FACTORS INFLUENCINGOPTIMALESCALATION OF GUIDELINE-DIRECTED MEDICALTHERAPYAMONG CHRONIC HEART FAILURE PATIENTS WITHREDUCEDEJECTION FRACTION IN COMPREHENSIVE HOSPITALSOFCENTRAL ETHIOPIAN REGION, ETHIOPIA. A CROSS SECTIONALSTUDY.
    (wolkite University, 2026-06) DR. ABDULFETAH ABDULHAKIM
    and dose optimization of GDMT remain sub-optimal inmanylowresource settings. This study assessed the magnitude and factors influencing optimal escalationof GDMT among HFrEF patients in comprehensive hospitals of Central Ethiopia. Methods: A mixed-methods, institution-based cross-sectional study was conductedamongadultHFrEF patients attending medical referral clinics in selected comprehensive hospitals in Central Ethiopia. Quantitative data were collected from 93 patients using structured tools andanalyzedwith SPSS version 23. multivariable logistic regression was used to identify factors associatedwith GDMT optimization. In parallel, key informant interviews were conducted withcliniciansand pharmacists, and facility observations were performed to explore system-level barriers. Thematic analysis was used for qualitative data. Results: Although most patients received at least one component of GDMT, noneachieve doptimal beta-blocker dosing, and 63% were taking less than 25%of the recommended target dose. Use of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) was verylimited. On multivariable analysis, higher systolic blood pressure (AOR = 1.047, 95%CI: 1.003–1.093), the absence of community-based health insurance (CBHI) (AOR = 0.288, 95%CI: 0.091–0.915),and longer duration of heart failure (AOR = 1.572, 95% CI: 1.055–2.344) were independently associated with mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) use. No significant predictors were identified for angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI), and SGLT2I escalation. Qualitative findings revealed limited availability of GDMT medications, lack of training onheart failure management, absence of local guidelines and protocols, high patient load, and supply chain and insurance-related constraints as major barriers to optimization. Conclusion: Optimal escalation of GDMT among HFrEF patients in Central Ethiopiai markedly sub-optimal, particularly for beta-blockers and newer therapies. System-level and provider-level barriers, rather than patient factors, predominantly limit implementation. Strengthening drug supply systems, clinical guidelines, provider training, and alongside improving the effectiveness of CBHI, is essential to translate evidence-based recommendations into improved patient outcomes.