Specialized Program

URI for this collectionhttps://rps.wku.edu.et/handle/123456789/46883

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    SPECTRUM OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE ADMISSIONS, OUTCOME, AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS IN WOLKITE UNIVERSITY COMPREHENSIVE SPECIALIZED HOSPITAL, CENTRAL ETHIOPIA: RETROSPECTIVE STUDY
    (wolkite University, 2026-06) Dr. Tarekegn Murezha
    Background: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death globally, with approximately 80% of these deaths occurring in low- and middle-income countries, including Ethiopia. Despite this growing burden, there is a significant lack of localized data on the clinical profile, outcomes, and associated factors of cardiovascular disease admissions in many regions of the country, including the study area. This study seeks to fill that gap by providing crucial evidence from a tertiary care setting. Objective: To assess the clinical spectrum, admission outcomes, and determinants among patients admitted with cardiovascular diseases at Wolkite University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital. Methods: An institution-based retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted among 357 cardiac patients admitted to Wolkite University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital from September 1, 2022, to September 1, 2025. A systematic random sampling method was applied, and all eligible medical records were reviewed from this period. Data on types of cardiovascular diseases, clinical presentation, diagnostic results (including echocardiography), treatment, and inhospital outcomes were collected using a pre-tested, structured data extraction checklist. Data were entered into Epi-Data version 4.6 and then exported to SPSS version 27 for statistical analysis. Descriptive statistics (frequencies, percentages, means, and standard deviations were used to summarize the burden and spectrum of cardiovascular disease. Bivariate analyses and multivariable logistic regression were used to identify factors associated with admission outcomes. A p-value of less than 0.05 at 95% CI was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 357 cardiovascular disease admissions were included in the analysis. The most common cardiovascular diagnoses were Stroke, heart failure, and ischemic heart disease. The overall in-hospital mortality rate was 10.9%. Among the independent factors, hemorrhagic stroke (AOR = 7.92, P = 0.004) and ICU admissions (AOR =5.45, P = 0.020) are associated with unfavorable outcomes. Conclusion: The study area has a high prevalence of cardiovascular diseases, which significantly increases morbidity and mortality. Overall, this study demonstrates an increasing burden of stroke and heart failure among patients admitted for cardiovascular disease in Gurage zone. The majority of cardiovascular diseases involve potentially modifiable risk factors that may have stopped or slowed the disease’s progression. Among the independent variables hemorrhagic stroke and ICU admissions were associated with poor admission outcome.