Department of Plant science

URI for this collectionhttps://rps.wku.edu.et/handle/123456789/45808

Department of Plant science

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    GROWTH AND YIELD RESPONSE OF COMMON BEAN (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) VARIETIES TO NPSB BLENDED FERTILIZER RATES AT EZHA DISTRICT, SOUTHERN ETHIOPIA
    (WOLKITE UNIVERSITY, 2022-04) DESALEGN KEBEDE ADEBA
    The current average yield of common beans is far less than the national attainable yield in the study area. This is partially due to low soil fertility management and a lack of improved varieties. A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of blended NPSB rates on yield and yield components of common bean varieties, to determine the optimum rate of blended NPSB fertilizer required and the best variety for optimum growth and yield of common bean, and to investigate economically feasible rates of blended NPSB fertilizer for common bean production. The experiment was conducted at Ezha district during 2022 cropping seasons. Treatments consisted of factorial combinations of four common bean varieties (Sab632, Ser119, Ser125, and Bz2) with four NPSB fertilizer rates (0, 50, 100, and 150 kg ha-1) laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Data was collected on growth and yield and yield components and analyzed using SAS (version 9.3). The result showed that NPSB blended fertilizer rate and varieties significantly influenced most of the tested parameters of common bean. The highest days to flowering (51.0), nodule dry weight (3.106), number of pods per plant (17.60), above ground dry biomass (6131.7 kg ha-1), and grain yield (2862.7 kg ha-1) were recorded due to the application of 150 kg of NPSB ha-1 for variety Ser119. The highest days to maturity (99.33) and plant height (83.73cm) were recorded from variety Ser125 with a 150 kg NPSB fertilizer application rate. The maximum number of total nodules (73.67), effective nodules (43.55) and the highest harvest index (48.89%) were recorded from variety Ser119 with a 100 kg ha-1 NPSB fertilizer application rate. With a 150 kg ha-1 NPSB fertilizer application rate, variety Sab632 produced the highest hundred seed weight (42.30). The highest number of seeds per pod (3.76) was recorded from variety Ser125. Net benefit of 81,123.3 birr ha-1 was obtained from the treatment combination of 100 kg NPSB ha-1 application rate for variety Ser119. Thus, based on the study results, the application of 100 kg NPSB ha-1 with variety Ser119 could be recommended to enhance the productivity with the highest net benefits of common bean in the study area. The experiment was done only xii at one location and one season therefore it would have to be replicated across location and season to get best conclusive result and sound full recommendation for specific area in order to assure finding of the current study.
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    EFFECT OF PLANTING DATES ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF MAIZE (Zea mays L.) VARIETIES AT EZHA DISTRICT, GURAGE ZONE, CENTRAL ETHIOPIA
    (WOLKITE UNIVERSITY, 2024-05) DINO NASIR MOHAMED
    Planting dates is a critical factor in maize production decision-making, with implications for crop management, variety selection, and adaptation to changing environmental conditions. Afield experiment was conducted to study the effect of planting date on growth and yield of maize varieties. The experiment was conducted in Ezha district during the 2023 main cropping season. The treatments consisted of factorial combinations of four maize varieties (BH540, BH661, Shone, and Limu) and four planting dates (9-April, 19-April, 29-April, and 9-May) laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD)with three replications. The experiment's findings demonstrated that planting dates and varieties had a significant impact on most parameters examined. However, varieties had no effect on the number of days to anthesis and silking. The statistical analysis result revealed that, Limu variety interacted with the planting date of 9-April, resulted, the longest days to anthesis silking interval (11.67), the largest number of ears per plant (1.40), the highest thousand kernel weight (410), the highest above-ground dry biomass (13.93 kg ha-1), and the highest grain yield (6.71 t ha-1) of maize. Similarly, the planting date 9-May interacted with the same variety, resulted the longest days to anthesis silking interval (11.67). The variety Limu resulted in the highest days to maturity (170), ear length (16.63 cm), ear diameter (16.08 cm), and harvest index (43.92). Similarly, Variety BH661 resulted in the highest ear height (101.45), longest days to emergence (9.08 days), longest days to anthesis (95.58 days), and longest days to silking (103.17); beside, the highest plant height (238.97cm), and the highest number of rows per ear (16.40) recorded from variety shone. Conversely, the planting date of 9-April yielded the longest days to maturity (161.75), the highest number of kernels per row (35.56 cm), the highest ear height (84.93 cm), the longest ear length (17.61 cm), the longest ear diameter (17.74 cm), and the highest harvest index (42.05%). Likewise, the planting date of 9-May recorded the longest day to emergence (9.5), the longest day to anthesis (98.67), and the longest days to silking (107.83). Thus, based on the result, early planting on April 9 resulted in the highest grain yield (6.7 t ha-1) from the Limu variety, whereas the lowest grain yield (1.65 t ha-1) was recorded from the BH540 late planted on May 9. Therefore, variety Limu with early planting date (April 9) was recommended for maize production in the study area. However, the experiment was done only at one location and one season; therefore, it would have to be replicated across locations and seasons to get the best conclusive result and a sound full recommendation for a specific area in order to assure the findings of the current study.
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    EFFECT OF BLENDED NPSB FERTILIZER RATES ON YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS OF MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L.) VARIETIES AT ENORE ENER DISTRICT, CENTERA, ETHIOPIA
    (WOLKITE UNIVERSITY, 2024-06) LIJWORK NIGATU AMERGA
    Maize, a staple cereal crop in Ethiopia, suffers from low productivity in the study area due to poor soil fertility, limited fertilizer use, and low-yielding varieties. To address this, a field experiment was conducted during the 2021/2022 bulge cropping season in Enore Ener district, Central Ethiopia. The study evaluated the effects of blended NPSB fertilizer rates on yield and yield components of three maize varieties (BH-540, BH-546, and BH 661). The experiment also aimed toidentify economically viable NPSB fertilizer application rates. Treatments consisted of factorial combinations of the three varieties and four NPSB fertilizer rates (0, 50, 100, and 150 kg ha ) arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Data on maize phenology, growth, yield, and yield components were collected and analyzed using SAS software (Version 9.3).The results showed a significant interaction between maize varieties and NPSB fertilizer ratesfor most parameters. The result revealed that, BH-661 with 150 kg ha 1 NPSB achieved the tallest in plant height (291.33 cm), maximum leaf area (7229.7 cm2), and highest leaf area index (4.3). Application of 150 kg ha 1 NPSB fertilizer with variety BH-546 also produced the most ears per plant (2.3) and most grains per ear (6432.7). Moreover, the application of 150 kg ha 1 NPSB fertilizer with variety BH-546 resulted in the highest grain yield (9,366.7 kg ha 1) and the greatest net benefit (211,865.55 Birr ha 1) Hence applying 150 kg ha 1 NPSB fertilizer with variety BH-546 is optimal for maximizing yield and net benefit in the study area., Nevertheless further research is needed across locations and seasons for robust recommendations to the region.