Factors affecting FINANCIAL PERFORMANCEOF COMMERCIAL BANKS in ETHIOPIAN

Abstract

This study investigates factors affect the financial performance of commercial banks in Ethiopia. The primary objective is to examine how various factors impact bank performance. A mixedmethods approach was employed, utilizing both quantitative and qualitative data. The study utilized secondary data obtained from annual reports of selected commercial banks and the National Bank of Ethiopia for a period of 7 years (2017-2023). The study assessed the relationship between selected corporate governance variabls, and bank performance as measured by ROA. Additionally, primary data was collected through structured questionnaires distributed to board secretaries and senior management of sampled banks. The data were analyzed using descriptivestatistics, correlation analysis, and panel data regression techniques. The findings reveal significant associations between corporate governance variables and financial performance measures. Specifically, board size and the existence of audit committees were found to have negative impacts on financial performance, suggesting potential inefficiencies in decision-making processes and bureaucratic constraints. Conversely, higher levels of capital adequacy and capital ratios were positively correlated with improved financial performance, highlighting the importance of maintaining adequate capital reserves to support stability and resilience. However, loan to deposit ratios did not exhibit a significant impact on financial performance, suggesting the need for further investigation into lending practices and liquidity management strategies. Recommendations for future research include longitudinal studies to assess the long-term effects of corporate governance reforms, comparative analyses across industries or regions, and qualitative investigations into the underlying mechanisms driving governance-performance relationships. Additionally, exploring the role of emerging technologies in governance effectiveness and financial performance could offer innovative avenues for future inquiry in the Ethiopian banking sector. Overall, these findings provide valuable insights for policymakers, regulators, and banking stakeholders aiming to enhance corporate governance practices and optimize financial performance in Ethiopia's banking industry.