PREVALENCE OF HYPERTENSIVE CRISIS AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG HYPERTENSIVES PATIENTS IN GURAGE ZONE SELECTED PUBLIC HOSPITAL, ETHOPIA, A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY, 2015E.C

Abstract

Background: Hypertension is one of the major health problems that can cause significant morbidity and mortality in the world. Since HTN is a silent killer for which the majority of hypertensive patients are unaware of their symptoms. It affects about 1.13 billion world population. 1-2% of this population have hypertensive crisis. Hypertensive crisis is becoming the main health issue in both high and low-income level countries. However, studies are scarce in developing countries such as Ethiopia. Objective of the study: To assess the prevalence of hypertensive crisis and associated factors among hypertensive patients who visit gurage zone public hospitals. Method: An institution-based cross-sectional study design was conduct in gurage zone during data collection period from May1/6/2015 to Jun1/9/2015e.c using structure and pretested questionnaire by reviewing of data and face to face interview. Additionally, weight, height, and blood pressure of participants were measured following standard procedures. Systematic Random sampling technique was used to select a total number of 422 participants. Data was entered in to Epi data version 4.6 and exported to SPSS version 26 for analysis. All variables in the multi-variable logistic analysis were candidate with a bi-variable at p < 0.25. The multivariable logistic regressions was performed to determine the predictors of hypertensive crisis, and the significance level was established with p <0.05. Result: The prevalence of hypertension crisis in gurage zone selected public hospitals was 22.7% (95% CI: 1.73-1.81). Male prevalence of HTN crisis were 12.7% (53) and female prevalence of HTN crisis were 10% (42). The mean (1.74) and range of ages of the participants were 24-80 year. Age categories from 45-65 years olds were high prevalence of HTN crisis; it accounts 9.2% (39). From all respondents 45.7% (193) participants have comorbid among those 107 were males and 86 were females. The highest prevalence of participant comorbid was DM 22.3% (94). Participants who drink alcohol were 56.4% (240) from this percent participant develop HTN crisis were 9.2% (39) (AOR=2.109, 95% CI: 1.303-3.415), participants who have family history were 51.2% (216) from this percent participant develop HTN crisis were 8.5% (36) (AOR=1.649, 95% CI: 1.010-2.693) were significantly associated with hypertensive crisis. Conclusion: The prevalence of HTN crisis was significant proportion for this study. Hence, hypertensive patients should be strictly managed accordingly, and promoting screening programs could reduce the risk of target organ damage. According to this study although hypertensive crises affects wider range of population age group about 53.1% are those with the age of 45-65. Majority of patients had already existing hypertension and Diabetes mellitus is the most common co morbid. For our study Participant having family history and drinking alcohol were significantly associated with HTN crisis. There for, there is an urgent need to create healthy awareness, frequent healthy screening and implementation of effective interventions targeting on the hypertensive patients.