Green Synthesis, Characterization and Antibacterial Activity of Copper Nanoparticle from Xanthium Strumarium L. (Deha-Nikel) Plant Leaf Extract

Abstract

The green nanotechnology is generating interest in researchers for the synthesis of nanoparticlesin a simple, cost-effective and eco-friendly manner. This research is focused on the bio-synthesis present in Xanthium strumarium L. plant extract act as self-reducing and stabilizing agents. The copper nanoparticles were synthesized by the addition of 100 mL of the aqueous plant leaf extract with 400 mL of copper nitrate solution (0.02M). The biosynthesized CuNPs were characterized by using UV-Vis analysis, Fourier Transform Infrared analysis (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) analysis. The maximum absorbance, λmax, was found to be 672 nm for CuNPs due to surface Plasmon resonance. The presence of important functional groups associated with biomolecules is well characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The X-ray diffraction pattern showed the formation of purely crystalline nature of CuNPs with face-centered cubic geometry and the average crystalline size is found to be 26.88 nm. The antibacterial activity of the synthesized CuNPs and Xanthium strumarium L. plant leaf extract was established using both Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram negative bacteria (Escherichiacoli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) by using agar well diffusion method. The synthesized Cu NPs have strong anti-bacterial activity against gram-negative bacteria as compared to gram-positive bacteria