College of Agriculture & Natural Resources
URI for this communityhttps://rps.wku.edu.et/handle/123456789/45803
College of Agriculture & Natural Resource
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Item RESPONSE OF MAIZE (Zea mays L.) HYBRIDS TO PLANT DENSITY IN NONO DISTRICT, WEST SHOWA ZONE, ETHIOPIA(wolkite university, 2023-03-01) ABERA WORKINEH SHEMETETo increase maize yield in a positive environment, it's important to suit the planting density and cultivar. Field research were carried out in 2021 under rain-fed conditions in Nono district of West Shewa zone in two locations (Silk Amba and Jiru Gemechu), to decide the effects of plant density levels on maize hybrids reproduction, growth, yield and yield components. The study included four maize hybrids (BH540, BH546, Damote and Limu) and three planting densities (44,444, 53333 and 67,667 plants ha−1 ) in a randomized complete block design in a factorial arrangement with 3 replications. Results revealed that location (Loc) had significantly (P ≤ 0.05) influenced most measured phenological, growth, yield and yield components of maize. Across environments hybrids significantly (P_< 0.05) affected all measured parameters. Planting density had additionally affected a few growth, yield and yield components of maize drastically . Across environments, the lowest grain yield (7.88 ha-1 ) was observed from BH540 (oldest hybrid). No significant yield increase observed beyond 53,333 plats ha-1 , and recommended to be the superior planting density for the maize hybrids included on this study in the district. Compared to the district's existing suggested planting density of 44,444 plants ha-1 , planting density of 53,333 plants ha-1 produced greater than nine quintals ha-1 yield advantage. At both locations, BH540 and BH546 both had comparable outcomes. On the other hand, Pioneer hybrids, Damote and Limu resulted the highest yield of 12 and 12.32 t ha-1 respectively at Silk Amba, whereas, at Jiru Gemechu, the highest yield was recorded from Limu (10.64 t ha-1 ) hybrid and was also corresponding to BH546 (9.31 t ha-1 ) and Damote (9.99 t ha-1 ) suggested differential response of hybrids in different environments as a result of Loc x H interaction. This study provided further evidence that the growth and yield of maize are significantly influenced via environment, genotype, plant population, and interactions. It also made the point that optimizing planting density to match the high-quality performing variety should be taken into account as new varieties are delivered and advocated particularly environments.Item RESPONSE OF POTATO (Solanum tuberosum L.) VARIETIES TO BLENDED NPSB FERTILIZER ON GROWTH, YIELD AND QUALITY PARAMETERS AT GUMMER DISTRICT, SOUTHERN ETHIOPIA(wolkite university, 2022-06-01) DAMTEW GIRMA LEGESEPotato is an important food security and cash crop in Southern Ethiopia including Gurage Zone. However, productivity of the crop in the zone is far below its potential due to an array of factors. For instance, inappropriate selection of varieties and lacking information regarding the actual rate of the newly recommended blended NPSB fertilizer in the potato producing areas including Gummer district. Cognizant of this, the present experiment was initiated and conducted in Gummer district under supplementary irrigation, during the 2021 Belg season, with the objective of assessing the response of different potato varieties to blended NPSB fertilizer rates. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with factorial arrangement and having three replications. There were 12 treatment combinations, which comprised of three potato varieties (namely; Belete, Gudanie and a local check, Askot) and four rates of blended NPSB fertilizer rates (0, 119,238 and 357 kg NPSB ha-1 ). The analysis of variance showed that the two main factors (blended NPSB fertilizer rates and potato varieties) had a statistically significant effect on all tested parameters except the effect of the blended NPSB fertilizer rates on days to 50% emergence. The interaction of the two factors had also showed a statistically significant effect on days to 90% maturity, plant height, main stem number per plant, total tuber number/hill, tuber yield per hill, large sized tuber yield, marketable and total tuber yields (t ha-1 ) and tuber dry matter content. Days to 90%maturity were delayed with increased rates of blended NPSB fertilizer for all tested varieties. The highest mean plant height (69.54cm) and number of main stems per hill (8.38) were obtained at 357 kg ha-1 NPSB with Belete variety. The highest marketable tuber yield (34.40 t ha-1 ), total tuber yield (35.84 t ha-1 ) and tuber dry matter content of (26.75%) were obtained from Belete variety with the application of 238 kg ha-1 NPSB fertilizer. The results of the economic analysis indicated that the maximum net benefit (180660.7 Birr ha-1 ) with 3405.23% marginal rate of return was obtained from Belete variety with the application of 238 kg NPSB ha-1 . Hence, the application of 238 kg ha-1 with Belete variety can be recommended for optimum potato production with the acceptable economic benefit in the study area and similar agro-ecology. However, since the result is only of one season and location, further research is recommended to be carried out across more seasons and locations.Item STUDY ON THE COMBINED EFFECT OF NPSB FERTILIZER RATES AND VARIETIES ON GROWTH, YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS OF GARLIC (Allium sativum L.) IN GUMMER DISTRICT OF GURAGE ZONE, ETHIOPIA(wolkite university, 2022-02-01) JADU KIBRET AGERCHUGarlic (Allium sativum L.) is one of the major horticultural crops known worldwide with respect to its production and economic value. It is also the main bulb crop produced in Ethiopia, including the southern region. However, farmers are producing garlic from locally available varieties without or with low rates of fertilizer input which results in low yield. Therefore, this experiment was conducted to evaluate the response of garlic varieties to different rates of NPSB. Three improved garlic varieties (Kuriftu, HL and Tseday) and one local cultivar (‘Tuma”) and four levels of NPSB fertilizer rates (0, 144, 244, 344 kg NPSB ha ˡ ) were used. The experiment was arranged in a 4 X 4 factorial experiment under a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Plant height (cm) and leaf number were significantly influenced by the interaction effect of varieties and NPSB fertilizer except leaf length (cm) that was significantly influenced only by the main effect of variety and NPSB. All yield and yield related traits were significantly influenced by the interaction effect of varieties and NPSB fertilizer rates except days to 50% emergence and bulb weight (g) that were significantly influenced only by the main effect of variety and NPSB. The highest total bulb yield was obtained from variety Kuriftu (8.81 t ha ˡ ) at the NPSB rate of 244 kg ha ˡ , and the lowest recorded from the local cultivar (5.52 t ha ˡ ) without NPSB (0 kg) fertilizer application. The maximum plant height (74.17cm) was recorded from variety HL at 244 kg/ha NPSB and the highest number of garlic leaves (10.33) were obtained from variety Kuriftu that received the highest NPSB rate of 344 kg/ha. The longest leaf was recorded from variety Tsedey (34.875cm) which was followed by variety Kuriftu (34.154cm) and HL (32.596cm). The highest statistically significant bulb weight was recorded equally from variety Kuriftu, Tsedey and HL 43.42g, 42.77g and 41.92g respectively. Marketable bulb yield was very highly significant (P<0.001) and positively correlated with leaf number (r =0.68***), bulb weight (r =0.64***), bulb diameter (r =0.72***), and highly significant (P<0.01) and positively correlated with plant height (r =0.41**) and leaf length (r =0.46**). The cost benefit analysis indicated that variety Kuriftu with the application rate of 244 kg NPSB ha ˡ gave the maximum MRR (1974.3%).