College of Bussines and Economics

URI for this communityhttps://rps.wku.edu.et/handle/123456789/45798

College of Bussines and Economics

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    DETERMINANTS OF RURAL HOUSEHOLDS LIVELIHOOD DIVERSIFICATION: IN CASE OF KEBENA DISTRICT, GURAGE ZONE
    (WOLKITE UNIVERSITY, 2022-12) MEKIYOU AREBO KEMAL
    The study examined the determinants of livelihood diversification of farm households in case of Gurage Zone Kebenadistricts. The specific objectives were identifying the factors influencing farm household livelihood diversification as well as to examine the contribution of livelihood diversification on household income. For achieving these objectives primary data was collected. The data were obtained from 376 sample household heads that were selected through a combination of two-stage, purposive and simple random sampling techniques, and also analyzed with both descriptive and econometric analysis. The descriptive statistics were used to assess the livelihood strategies and their contribution. The finding of the study indicates that households in Kebena district engage in various livelihood activities such as on farm only, on-farm plus off-farm, off-farm and the combination of all (on farm plus off-farm and non-farm). From the sampled households 40.5% work exclusively on-the farm,31.4% On-farm plus Off-farm, 21.5%on Off-farm and 6.6% On-farm plus Off-farm plus Non-Farm. Multinomial logit model applied to investigate the determinant factors influencing the household’s livelihood diversification. In this regard, the econometric analysis demonstrated that out of the total eleven variables included in the model only nine variables including farm size, livestock holding, gender, age, education level, market distance, dependency ratio, access to credit, and access to extension service are found to be the significant determinants up to 10% probability levels. Finally the study recommends government and focusing group expand and strengthening the agricultural extension service for rural households so as to create a diversified livelihood activity and improve the livelihood of the farmers household and extension on off-farm and non-farm opportunities and on the role of participating in cooperatives, facilitating the availability of credit, and enhancing elder farmers’ knowledge.
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    ROLE OF PRODUCTIVEE SAFETY NET PROGRAM ON HOUSEHOLDS PARTICIPAION ON OFF-FARM ACTIVITIES IN ETHIOPIA: THE CASE OF MAREKO DISTRICT
    (Wolkite University, 2019-01) REDWAN KEDIR
    This research attempted to assess the role of productive safety net program on household participation on off-farm activity in Mareko district of Southern Nation Nationality Region. Purposive, stratified proportionate random sampling and simple random sampling techniques were employed to select sample respondents. A total of 200 households were selected for the study. The instrument developed was survey questionnaire. Both qualitative and quantitative data were gathered for the study. Descriptive statistics like frequency, percentage, and econometrics models were employed to analyze the survey data. The descriptive statistics result revealed that, from the sampled respondents the majority (66.5 %) of households was participated in off-farm activity. From the total sampled respondents almost all were got their livelihoods from agricultural activities, which account on average (50 %) of the total annual income. The remaining 27% of incomes of the rural household head were off-farm activities. The result of probit model regression also indicates that, Gender (sex of household head, farming land size and total household size were found out significantly and positively affect the off-farm activity participation, while, age of household head, farm income and marital status were found out negative and significant factors. Propensity score matching techniques was used to analyzes the effect of PSNP participation on off-farm activity income. Albeit the result from the PSM was not statistically significant, it indicates that participation in PSNP program had negative effect on the off-farm activity income. Finally, it was recommended that Government and NGOs should provide training on more profitable off-farm activities for PSNP beneficiaries to support household’s participation on off-farm income generating activities