Department of Biotechnology

URI for this collectionhttps://rps.wku.edu.et/handle/123456789/45780

Department of Biotechnology

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Subject: search.filters.subject.Antibiotic Resistance gene

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    THE PREVALENCE AND IDENTIFICATION OF ANTIBIOTICS RESISTANCE GENES IN COMMON UROPATHOGENS ATTENDING ATTAT HOSPITAL ETHIOPIA
    (Wolkite University, 2023-11-01) WONDWESEN MITIKU SISAYE
    Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are infections of the urinary framework (the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra). UTI occurs when bacteria, primarily from the genital area or the stomach-related tract, stick to the entrance of the urethra and start to spread. In Ethiopia and the Gurage Zone specifically, there is a significant research deficit regarding the identification and prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes in common urinary tract bacterial infections. The aim of this study designed to estimate the prevalence of uropathogenic bacterial urinary tract infections and identify individuals with genes associated with antibiotic resistance at the Attat Hospital, Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study involved 384 across-section were involved in the current study patients from the Attat Hospital. Culture on Blood, Macconkey and Nutrient agar was carried out after a dipstick urine examination. Using the gram stain and biochemical testing, pathogenic bacteria were isolated and recognized. The Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method for determining antibiotic sensitivity and resistance employed erythromycin, cefepime, tetracycline, clarithromycin, vacomycin, pencilin, and ciprofloxacin. Genomic extraction and PCR amplification for detection of tetraA , vanA and blaSHV antibiotics resistance gene were done. According to the proportion of participants who experienced UTIs during the research period, the prevalence was 75.0%. Staphylococcus aureus was the sole Gram- positive bacteria found; other Gram-negative bacteria included Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Entrobactor aerogenes, Protus valigaris, Proteus mirabilis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The most often isolated bacterium was Escherichia coli (49.3%), whereas P. aeuruginosa was the least frequent (2.8%). The most effective antibiotic for all bacteria was ciprofloxacin, and the isolates tested negative for tetracycline. The molecular investigation identified three different genes with E. coli, K. pnumoniae, and S. aeurus, respectively: 53.8% tetA, 54.2% blaSHV, and 78.6% vanA. In order to prevent multidrug resistance, which would otherwise have an influence on the rising cost of care, the study advises regular surveillance and investigation of antibiotic use in the therapy of UTI. The need for future molecular analysis of antibiotic resistance genes cannot be overstated.