Wolkite University Institutional Repository (WKU-Repo)
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Wolkite University’s Institutional Repository is an open-access platform dedicated to collecting, preserving, and disseminating the scholarly outputs of our academic community. This repository reflects our commitment to advancing knowledge and fostering global collaboration by showcasing research that drives innovation and societal transformation.
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DIET COMPOSITION AND FEEDING HABITS OF CYPRINUS CARPIO (LINNAEUS 1758) (PISCES: CYPRINIDAE)
(Wolkite University, 2024-11-01) INJIGU WENDIMU
The diet composition and feeding habits of Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus, 1758) were examined using 209 fish samples from Lake Arekit. The species' feeding patterns were determined through numerical indexes (frequency of occurrence and volumetric contribution) and composite indexes (Index of Preponderance (IOP) and Geometric Index of Importance (GIIi)). Among the 209 specimens, 174 (83.3%) displayed a range of dietary items in their stomachs. Detritus emerged as the primary food source for C. carpio, followed by macrophytes, insects, and zooplankton. A lesser amount of phytoplankton, nematodes, and ostracods were also consumed. Based on the findings, C. carpio can be classified as a detri-omnivore, as it consumes benthic species like nematodes, ostracods, and insect larvae. Seasonal fluctuations in food item consumption were noted (p < 0.05), with higher intake during the rainy season and reduced consumption in the dry season. Significant variations in food preferences were observed among size groups (p < 0.05). Smaller size classes preferred foods of animal origin, such as ostracods, zooplankton, and insects, while macrophytes and detritus were more prevalent in the largest class. This study enhances our understanding of C. carpio's diet in Lake Arekit. Still, further research is necessary to explore the diet across the fish's lifespan and monthly, considering various environmental conditions.
College of Natural and Computational Sciences Department of Biology Ethnobotanical Study of `Medicinal Plants Used by Indigenous People of Munesa District
(Wolkite University, 2024-12-01) Getu Hirpo
Ethno botany is the scientific study of the way that people used plants to treat different human and livestock diseases. It includes all studies that concern with the mutual relationship between plants and people.The main objective of this study was to assess the traditional medicinal plants used by the indigenous people in selected kebeles of Munesa district. Traditional medicine is used throughout the world as it is dependent on locally available plants, which are easily accessible and capitalizes on traditional wisdom repository of knowledge simple to use and affordabily. Structured questionnaire, interview, observation, and document reviews were employed to collect both primary and secondary data. The data was analyzed and presented in qualitative and quantitative methods in that Paired comparison, fidelity level, preference ranking, informant consensus factor and direct matrix ranking were used during data analysis Medicinal healers of the study area gave treatment for different human and livestock diseases like: conjure, breast disease, snake bite, liver diseases, diabetic, cold sore, throat infections, sexually inactive male, allergy, epilepsy, antiseptics, diarrhea, bloat, endo and ecto parasite, Helminthiasis, Anthrax and others. The traditional healers prepare the traditional medicine by mechanisms like: crushing/grinding, squeezing, boiling, roasting. They used different route of administration such as: oral, tying, fitted to the target infected site by traditionally standardized dose. Leaf/pod and root/rhizome were highly used by more than half of the respondents (27%, 26% respectively) for the preparation of traditional medicine. The findings of this study showed that, many of effective medicinal plants in the study area were under risk of threatening or they endangered and any concerned body can give attention for conservation of these threatened medicinal plant species.
ATHESIS SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF GRADUATE STUDIES, COLLEGE OF SOCIAL SCIENCE AND HUMANITIES, WOLKITE UNIVERESITY IN PARTIALFUL FILLMENT OF THE REUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTERS OF ART IN EVELOPMENT PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT
(wku, 2022-07-06) MULUGETA BARKEDA ZERGA
The main objective of this study was to assess practices and challenges of fixed asset management: in the case of Gurage zone Endegagn Woreda Finance and economic office. The study used descriptive research design with purposive sampling technique and it involves both quantitative and qualitative research approaches. Data were collected from 64 office heads and employees which included 61 different department of finance and economic office employees from eight directorates, two vice head of offices and one chief head of offices by using purposive sampling technique were used for distribution of questionnaires, interview eight public heads and observation. In addition to primary data, secondary data were used like documentaries. Then, collected data were arranged, coded, entered into computer software and analyzed by using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 26. Based on the analysis of data, the researcher found that the practices and challenges of fixed asset management in Gurage zone Endegagn woreda finance and economic office is deemed to be and recognize as poor due to many reasons. Among these reason, the organization has no adequate plan for fixed asset operation, maintenance and disposal, there is weak monitoring and controlling system to protect fixed asset from misuse, through private consumption, loss and wastage in the organizations. As a consequence (impact), it results in increasing maintenance cost, financial loss, need for new asset, risk and decrease service delivery level. Therefore, the researcher suggests that the organizations management should strengthen fixed asset management system through promoting management emphasis, led by plan each stages, create awareness top to low level managers and employees, human capacity building training internal auditors, established accountability, transparency and controlling system
Challenges of Safety Net Program in Improving Households Food Security in East Meskan Woreda of Gurage Zone, Ethiopia
(wku, 2023-06-05) DIRO URGA BEREKA
The PSNP program in Ethiopia aims to improve food security and strengthen household resilience in food-insecure woredas. The program’s objectives include improving food security, protecting assets, and strengthening household and community resilience to shocks. The purpose of this study was to assess the challenges of Safety Net Program in improving house hold food security in East Meskan Woreda of Gurage Zone. The study employed a descriptive survey design and a cross-sectional survey to gather data on the challenges of the safety net program in improving household food security in East Meskan Woreda, Gurage Zone. Mixed approach was employed, allowing for a comprehensive understanding of the research problem. The qualitative approach was focused on individuals' perceptions opinions gathered through interviews, Focal Group discussion and document analysis while the quantitative approach quantified variables using descriptive statistics. The data were collected through questionnaires, interviews, and focal group discussions. Secondary sources of data included were annual plans, reports, books, articles, and published documents. The target population consisted of beneficiary households of Safety Net Programs, with 344 sample households being the unit of analysis. A simple random sampling technique was employed. The finding of the study indicated that perception of beneficiaries household towards safety net program, farm land and its size, the use of beneficiaries’ credit service, technical advice, follow-up, and support by the experts, Lack of active community participation, inadequacy of money transferred from the program, less access to modern agricultural technologies and inputs, inadequacy of extension services, lack of coordination among concerned sectors, and Frequent drought and floods were significant challenge of safety net program in improving house hold food security in East Meskan Woreda of Gurage Zone. Finally, following the findings of the study, it was recommended that human development activities should be considered, diversified livelihood strategies, and ensuring food security through hard work and commitment should be executed by the beneficiaries. The program's payments should be revised and integrated into development plans, and the use of modern agricultural technologies and inputs should be improved.
PROTECTION OF MINORITY RIGHTS UNDER ETHIOPIAN FEDERAL ARRANGEMENT᎓ASSESSMENT ON THE PROTECTION SCHEME OF ADAMI TULU AND JIDO KOMBOLCHA WOREDA IN EAST SHOA ZONE, OROMIYA REGINAL STATE, ETHIOPIA.
(wku, 2025-09-04) JEMAL WANORO
Only eight of Ethiopia's more than 76 ethnic groups, including their subgroups, have been granted their own regions by the federal government. The territorial autonomy afforded to ethno-national communities emphasizes the Ethiopian federal system‟s distinct division of territories, despite the diversity among its individual constituents. Within the autonomous area designated for each group, the related ethno-national community possesses full territorial authority and governance. Based on the 2007 census, nearly all ethnic groups are dispersed throughout the region, yet their unique identities have not been acknowledged in the Oromiya constitution. The research primarily aimed to explore the Ethiopian federations and the issue of minority rights within the Adami Tulu and Jido Kombolcha Woreda. This study specifically aimed to identify the prevailing political practices surrounding minority representation, the obstacles minorities encounter in asserting their rights, and to propose strategies for safeguarding those rights. The data was analyzed using a qualitative interpretive approach. To gain perspectives from the target community, the researcher conducted interviews with 32 heads of households, selected through purposive sampling; among these, 11 belonged to the Amhara group, 8 were from Mareko, 7 represented Gurage, and 6 were from the Silte minority groups. Moreover, 3 local experts were interviewed by the researcher. In total, 35 individuals participated in the interviews. For the focus group discussion (FGD), the researcher purposefully selected 10 participants, which included 6 heads of offices from the woreda government and 4 notable members of minority groups. Consequently, a total of 45 individuals participated in the study. The findings indicate that language barriers and discrimination constituted the main challenges faced by the Amhara, Mareko, Gurage, and Silte minorities within the studied region.